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Performance and mechanism of co-culture of Monascus purpureus, Lacticaseibacillus casei, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae to enhance lovastatin production and lipid-lowering effects

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Abstract

To facilitate lipid-lowering effects, a lovastatin-producing microbial co-culture system (LPMCS) was constituted with a novel strain Monascus purpureus R5 in combination with Lacticaseibacillus casei S5 and Saccharomyces cerevisiae J7, which increased lovastatin production by 54.21% compared with the single strain R5. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) optimization indicated lovastatin yield peaked at 7.43 mg/g with a fermentation time of 13.88 d, water content of 50.5%, and inoculum ratio of 10.27%. Meanwhile, lovastatin in LPMCS co-fermentation extracts (LFE) was qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed by Thin-Layer Chromatography (TLC) and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Cellular experiments demonstrated that LFE exhibited no obvious cytotoxicity to L-02 cells and exhibited excellent biosafety. Most notably, high-dose LFE (100 mg/L) exhibited the highest reduction of lipid accumulation, total cholesterol, and triglycerides simultaneously in oleic acid-induced L-02 cells, which decreased by 71.59%, 38.64%, and 58.85% than untreated cells, respectively. Overall, LPMCS provides a potential approach to upgrade the lipid-lowering activity of Monascus-fermented products with higher health-beneficial effects.

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Acknowledgements

This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51978576 and 42207021), the Provincial Key Research and Development Program of Sichuan (2021YJ0495), the Science and Technology Project of Sichuan Tobacco Company of China National Tobacco Corporation (SCYC202109), the Key Research and Development Plant of Sichuan Province (2023YFSY0011, 2023ZHCG0058), the Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan (2022NSFSC1670), the technical Innovation Research and Development Project of Chengdu (2022-YF05-00269-SN, 2022-YF05-00909-SN), and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2682022CX057). The authors would also like to thank Dr. Weizhen Fang of the Analysis and Testing Center, Southwest Jiaotong University, for the technical support.

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  1. School of Life Science and Engineering, Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs, Southwest Jiaotong University, No. 111 Second Ring Road, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China

    Minghui Wu, Qiqi Wang, Han Zhang, Zhengyong Pan, Qilu Zeng, Jilong Mao, Jianpeng Li, Han Wu & Zhongping Qiu

  2. Chengdu Nuohe Shengtai Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China

    Jilong Mao

  3. Analysis & Testing Center, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China

    Weizhen Fang

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Wu, M., Wang, Q., Zhang, H. et al. Performance and mechanism of co-culture of Monascus purpureus, Lacticaseibacillus casei, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae to enhance lovastatin production and lipid-lowering effects. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 46, 1411–1426 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00449-023-02903-3

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