Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Facile green synthesis of Ag-doped ZnO/CaO nanocomposites with Caccinia macranthera seed extract and assessment of their cytotoxicity, antibacterial, and photocatalytic activity

  • Research Paper
  • Published:
Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The current paper exhibited a green method for the manufacture of Ag-doped ZnO/CaO nanocomposites (NCPs) by the usage of Caccinia macranthera seed extract, zinc, calcium, and silver salts solution, for the first time. The chemical structure of NCPs was studied by the FT-IR technique. The XRD pattern shows a crystallite structure with an Fm3m group space and particle size of about 23 nm. The FESEM/PSA images displayed that NCPs have uniform distribution with spherical morphology. Also, the cytotoxicity of synthesized NCPs was examined on Huh-7 cells by MTT test and the IC50 value was 250 ppm. Additionally, the photocatalytic activity of NCPs was investigated to the methylene blue MB dye degradation, which resulted in a removal of about 90% after 100 min. According to the results of the broth microdilution process, which was done to evaluate the antibacterial activity of NCPs towards gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, the MIC values were in the range of 0.97–125 ppm.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10

Similar content being viewed by others

Data availability

Not applicable.

References

  1. Kannan K, Radhika D, Sadasivuni KK, Reddy KR, Raghu AV (2020) Nanostructured metal oxides and its hybrids for photocatalytic and biomedical applications. Adv Coll Interface Sci 281:102178

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Villaseñor MJ, Ríos Á (2018) Nanomaterials for water cleaning and desalination, energy production, disinfection, agriculture, and green chemistry. Environ Chem Lett 16:11–34

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Sabouri Z, Moghaddas SSTH, Mostafapour A, Darroudi M (2022) Biopolymer-template synthesized CaSO4 nanoparticles and evaluation of their photocatalytic activity and cytotoxicity effects. Ceram Int. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2022.02.180

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Balamurugan S, Balu A, Narasimman V, Selvan G, Usharani K, Srivind J, Suganya M, Manjula N, Rajashree C, Nagarethinam V (2018) Multi metal oxide CdO–Al2O3–NiO nanocomposite—synthesis, photocatalytic and magnetic properties. Mater Res Express 6:015022

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Sabouri Z, Akbari A, Hosseini HA, Hashemzadeh A, Darroudi M (2019) Bio-based synthesized NiO nanoparticles and evaluation of their cellular toxicity and wastewater treatment effects. J Mol Struct 1191:101–109

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Balamurugan S, Balu AR, Narasimman V, Selvan G, Usharani K, Srivind J, Suganya M, Manjula N, Rajashree C, Nagarethinam VS (2019) Multi metal oxide CdO-Al2O3-NiO nanocomposite-synthesis, photocatalytic and magnetic properties. Mater Res Express. https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/aae5af

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Najjar M, Hosseini HA, Masoudi A, Sabouri Z, Mostafapour A, Khatami M, Darroudi M (2021) Green chemical approach for the synthesis of SnO2 nanoparticles and its application in photocatalytic degradation of eriochrome Black T dye. Optik 242:167152

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Akbari A, Sabouri Z, Hosseini HA, Hashemzadeh A, Khatami M, Darroudi M (2020) Effect of nickel oxide nanoparticles as a photocatalyst in dyes degradation and evaluation of effective parameters in their removal from aqueous environments. Inorg Chem Commun 115:107867

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Sabouri Z, Akbari A, Hosseini HA, Hashemzadeh A, Darroudi M (2019) Eco-friendly biosynthesis of nickel oxide nanoparticles mediated by okra plant extract and investigation of their photocatalytic, magnetic, cytotoxicity, and antibacterial properties. J Clust Sci 30(6):425–434

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Zhang Q, Xu M, You B, Zhang Q, Yuan H, Ostrikov KK (2018) Oxygen vacancy-mediated ZnO nanoparticle photocatalyst for degradation of methylene blue. Appl Sci 8:353

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Nagaraju G, Shivaraju G, Banuprakash G, Rangappa D (2017) Photocatalytic activity of ZnO nanoparticles: synthesis via solution combustion method. Mater Today: Proc 4:11700–11705

    Google Scholar 

  12. Sabouri Z, Sabouri M, Amiri MS, Khatami M, Darroudi M (2020) Plant-based synthesis of cerium oxide nanoparticles using Rheum turkestanicum extract and evaluation of their cytotoxicity and photocatalytic properties. Mater Technol 37(8):555–568

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Hamzehloueian M, Sarrafi Y, Darroudi M, Arani MA, Darestani RN, Safari F, Foroumadi A (2022) Synthesis, antibacterial and anticancer activities evaluation of new 4-thiazolidinone-indolin-2-one analogs. Biointerface Res Appl Chem 12:8094–8104

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Kannan K, Radhika D, Gnanasangeetha D, Lakkaboyana SK, Sadasivuni KK, Gurushankar K, Hanafiah MM (2021) Photocatalytic and antimicrobial properties of microwave synthesized mixed metal oxide nanocomposite. Inorg Chem Commun 125:108429

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Mousavi SM, Mahjoub AR, Abazari R (2017) Facile green fabrication of nanostructural Ni-doped ZnO hollow sphere as an advanced photocatalytic material for dye degradation. J Mol Liq 242:512–519

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Manigandan R, Giribabu K, Suresh R, Munusamy S (2014) Characterization and photocatalytic activity of nickel oxide nanoparticles. Int J Chem Tech Res 6:3395–3398

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Kumar CR, Betageri VS, Nagaraju G, Pujar G, Onkarappa H, Latha M (2020) One-pot green synthesis of ZnO–CuO nanocomposite and their enhanced photocatalytic and antibacterial activity. Adv Nat Sci Nanosci Nanotechnol 11:015009

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Jamasbi N, Ziarani GM, Mohajer F, Darroudi M, Badiei A, Varma RS, Karimi F (2022) Silica-coated modified magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4@ SiO2@(BuSO3H)3) as an efficient adsorbent for Pd2+ removal. Chemosphere. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135622

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Anand KV, Keerthika S, Vasantharaja R, Kannan M, Preetha S, Selvan SM, Chaturvedi S, Govindaraju K (2022) Biogenic preparation of ZnO, CaO, and ZnO-CaO nanocomposites and its influence on agro-morphological characteristics of mung bean. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 29:22251–22259

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Panchal P, Paul DR, Sharma A, Hooda D, Yadav R, Meena P, Nehra S (2019) Phytoextract mediated ZnO/MgO nanocomposites for photocatalytic and antibacterial activities. J Photochem Photobiol A 385:112049

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Hooshmand S, Hayat SMG, Ghorbani A, Khatami M, Pakravanan K, Darroudi M (2021) Preparation and applications of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles in novel drug delivery systems: an overview. Curr Med Chem 28:777–799

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Hakimi M, Alikhani M (2020) Characterization of α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles prepared from a new [Fe (Ofloxacin) 2Cl2] precursor: a heterogeneous photocatalyst for removal of methylene Blue and ciprofloxacin in water. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 30:504–512

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Xu X, Chen D, Yi Z, Jiang M, Wang L, Zhou Z, Fan X, Wang Y, Hui D (2013) Antimicrobial mechanism based on H2O2 generation at oxygen vacancies in ZnO crystals. Langmuir 29:5573–5580

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Darroudi M, Iftikhar S, Gaigi H, Taj M, Noor S, Babteen N, Alnajeebi A, Abualnaja M, Raheel A, Bannunah A (2022) Facile synthesis of Fe3O4/SiO2/Cu nanoparticles: investigation of physicochemical attributes of interaction in cationic micellar media and photo-antibacterial impact. Dig J Nanomater Biostruct (DJNB) 17(2):607

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Sabouri Z, Sabouri S, Moghaddas SSTH, Mostafapour A, Gheibihayat SM, Darroudi M (2022) Plant-based synthesis of Ag-doped ZnO/MgO nanocomposites using Caccinia macranthera extract and evaluation of their photocatalytic activity, cytotoxicity, and potential application as a novel sensor for detection of Pb2+ ions. Biomass Convers Biorefinery. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-022-02907-1

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Munawar T, Mukhtar F, Yasmeen S, Naveed-ur-Rehman M, Nadeem MS, Riaz M, Mansoor M, Iqbal F (2021) Sunlight-induced photocatalytic degradation of various dyes and bacterial inactivation using CuO–MgO–ZnO nanocomposite. Environ Sci Pollut Res 28:42243–42260

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Revathi V, Karthik K (2018) Microwave-assisted CdO–ZnO–MgO nanocomposite and its photocatalytic and antibacterial studies. J Mater Sci Mater Electron 29:18519–18530

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Hosny M, Fawzy M, Eltaweil AS (2022) Green synthesis of bimetallic Ag/ZnO@Biohar nanocomposite for photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline, antibacterial and antioxidant activities. Sci Rep 12:7316

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  29. Silva RM, Raimundo RA, Fernandes WV, Torres SM, Silva VD, Grilo JP, Morales MA, Macedo DA (2018) Proteic sol-gel synthesis, structure and magnetic properties of Ni/NiO core-shell powders. Ceram Int 44:6152–6156

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Nakate UT, Patil P, Choudhury S, Kale S (2018) Microwave-assisted synthesis of Co3O4 and NiO nanoplates and structural, optical, magnetic characterizations. Nano-Struct Nano-Object 14:66–72

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Bouremana A, Guittoum A, Hemmous M, Martínez-Blanco D, Gorria P, Blanco J, Benrekaa N (2015) Microstructure, morphology and magnetic properties of Ni nanoparticles synthesized by hydrothermal method. Mater Chem Phys 160:435–439

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Rahman MA, Radhakrishnan R, Gopalakrishnan R (2018) Structural, optical, magnetic and antibacterial properties of Nd doped NiO nanoparticles prepared by co-precipitation method. J Alloys Compd 742:421–429

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Cao Y, Dhahad HA, El-Shorbagy MA, Alijani HQ, Zakeri M, Heydari A, Bahonar E, Slouf M, Khatami M, Naderifar M, Iravani S, Khatami S, Dehkordi FF (2021) Green synthesis of bimetallic ZnO–CuO nanoparticles and their cytotoxicity properties. Sci Rep 11:23479

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  34. Haq S, Raja AW, Rehman SU, Mezni A, Ben Ali M, Hedfi A, Shahzad MI, Rehman W, Shahzad N, Waseem M, Ahmad P (2021) Phytogenic synthesis and characterization of NiO-ZnO nanocomposite for the photodegradation of brilliant green and 4-nitrophenol. J Chem 2021:3475036

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Aragaw SG, Sabir FK, Andoshe DM, Zelekew OA (2020) Green synthesis of p-Co3O4n-ZnO composite catalyst with Eichhornia crassipes plant extract mediated for methylene blue degradation under visible light irradiation. Mater Res Express 7:095508

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Elahi B, Mirzaee M, Darroudi M, Kazemi Oskuee R, Sadri K, Amiri MS (2019) Preparation of cerium oxide nanoparticles in salvia Macrosiphon boiss seeds extract and investigation of their photocatalytic activities. Ceram Int 45:4790–4797

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Andrews J BSAC Working Party Report on Susceptibility Testing (2001) Determination of inhibitory concentrations. J Antimicrob Chemother 48:48–71

  38. Balaganesh A, Sengodan R, Ranjithkumar R, Chandarshekar B (2018) Synthesis and characterization of porous calcium oxide nanoparticles (CaO NPs). Int J Innov Technol Explor Eng 2:2278–3075

    Google Scholar 

  39. Anantharaman A, Ramalakshmi S, George M (2016) Green synthesis of calcium oxide nanoparticles and its applications. Int J Eng Res Appl 6:27–31

    Google Scholar 

  40. Wang L, Liu Y, Peng X, Sun Y, Liu X, Liu H, Lin Q, Sun H, Yang B, Li X (2020) Preparation and characterization of CaO/ZnO core-shell structured nanoparticles. Chem Res Chin Univ 36:970–975

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Sabouri Z, Rangrazi A, Amiri MS, Khatami M, Darroudi M (2021) Green synthesis of nickel oxide nanoparticles using salvia hispanica l (chia) seeds extract and studies of their photocatalytic activity and cytotoxicity effects. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00449-021-02613-8

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Jayabharathi J, Karunakaran C, Kalaiarasi V, Ramanathan P (2014) Nano ZnO, Cu-doped ZnO, and Ag-doped ZnO assisted generation of light from imidazole. J Photochem Photobiol A 295:1–10

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Chen P, Wang Y, He S, Wang P, Xu Y, Zhang L (2020) Green synthesis of spherical calcium hydroxide nanoparticles in the presence of tannic acid. Adv Mater Sci Eng 2020:9501897

    Article  Google Scholar 

  44. Keihani M, Esmaeili H, Rouhi P (2018) Biodiesel production from chicken fat using nano-calcium oxide catalyst and improving the fuel properties via blending with diesel. Phys Chem Res 6:521–529

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Toledo Arana J, Torres JJ, Acevedo DF, Illanes CO, Ochoa NA, Pagliero CL (2019) One-step synthesis of CaO-ZnO efficient catalyst for biodiesel production. Int J Chem Eng 2019:1806017

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This project was financially supported by the Vice-Chancellor for Research (Grant no. 4001179), Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. This study is the results of a research project and thesis presented by a Post-Doctoral student (Dr. Z. Sabouri).

Funding

This project was financially supported by the Vice-Chancellor for Research (Grant no. 4001179), Mashhad University of Medical Sciences.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

    Zahra Sabouri & Majid Darroudi

  2. Medical Toxicology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

    Zahra Sabouri, Samaneh Sadat Tabrizi Hafez Moghaddas & Asma Mostafapour

  3. Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Yazd University, Yard, Iran

    Sajjad Sabouri

  4. Department of Biology, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran

    Mohammad Sadegh Amiri

  5. Nuclear Medicine Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

    Majid Darroudi

  6. Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran

    Majid Darroudi

Authors
  1. Zahra Sabouri
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Sajjad Sabouri
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Samaneh Sadat Tabrizi Hafez Moghaddas
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Asma Mostafapour
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Mohammad Sadegh Amiri
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Majid Darroudi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

ZS: Investigation, methodology, software, Writing—original draft, formal analysis, SS: data curation, software, writing—review and editing, SSTHM: data curation, writing—review and editing, AM: data curation, writing—review and editing, MSA: data curation, MD: supervision, project administration, validation, methodology, writing-review and editing.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Majid Darroudi.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

No experiments are conducted on animals or humans.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Sabouri, Z., Sabouri, S., Tabrizi Hafez Moghaddas, S.S. et al. Facile green synthesis of Ag-doped ZnO/CaO nanocomposites with Caccinia macranthera seed extract and assessment of their cytotoxicity, antibacterial, and photocatalytic activity. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 45, 1799–1809 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00449-022-02786-w

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00449-022-02786-w

Keywords

Search

Navigation