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Production of alkyl esters from macaw palm oil by a sequential hydrolysis/esterification process using heterogeneous biocatalysts: optimization by response surface methodology

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Abstract

The present study deals with the enzymatic synthesis of alkyl esters with emollient properties by a sequential hydrolysis/esterification process (hydroesterification) using unrefined macaw palm oil from pulp seeds (MPPO) as feedstock. Crude enzymatic extract from dormant castor bean seeds was used as biocatalyst in the production of free fatty acids (FFA) by hydrolysis of MPPO. Esterification of purified FFA with several alcohols in heptane medium was catalyzed by immobilized Thermomyces lanuginosus lipase (TLL) on poly-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) particles. Under optimal experimental conditions (mass ratio oil:buffer of 35 % m/m, reaction temperature of 35 °C, biocatalyst concentration of 6 % m/m, and stirring speed of 1,000 rpm), complete hydrolysis of MPPO was reached after 110 min of reaction. Maximum ester conversion percentage of 92.4 ± 0.4 % was reached using hexanol as acyl acceptor at 750 mM of each reactant after 15 min of reaction. The biocatalyst retained full activity after eight successive cycles of esterification reaction. These results show that the proposed process is a promising strategy for the synthesis of alkyl esters of industrial interest from macaw palm oil, an attractive option for the Brazilian oleochemical industry.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to FAPEMIG (Processes APQ–00275–11 and APQ–00968–12), CNPq (Process 475289/2012–9), CAPES and FINEP (Brazil) for their financial support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Biocatalysis, Federal University of São João del Rei, Sete Lagoas, MG, 35701-970, Brazil

    Ana Paula P. Bressani & Karen C. A. Garcia

  2. Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, MG, 37130-000, Brazil

    Daniela B. Hirata & Adriano A. Mendes

Authors
  1. Ana Paula P. Bressani
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  2. Karen C. A. Garcia
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  3. Daniela B. Hirata
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  4. Adriano A. Mendes
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Correspondence to Adriano A. Mendes.

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Bressani, A.P.P., Garcia, K.C.A., Hirata, D.B. et al. Production of alkyl esters from macaw palm oil by a sequential hydrolysis/esterification process using heterogeneous biocatalysts: optimization by response surface methodology. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 38, 287–297 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00449-014-1267-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00449-014-1267-5

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