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Strategies for cryopreservation of testicular cells and tissues in cancer and genetic diseases

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Abstract

Cryopreservation of testicular cells and tissues is useful for the preservation and restoration of fertility in pre-pubertal males expecting gonadotoxic treatment for cancer and genetic diseases causing impaired spermatogenesis. A number of freezing and vitrification protocols have thus been tried and variable results have been reported in terms of cell viability spermatogenesis progression and the production of fertile spermatozoa. A few studies have also reported the production of live offspring from cryopreserved testicular stem cells and tissues in rodents but their replication in large animals and human have been lacking. Advancement in in vitro spermatogenesis system has improved the possibility of producing fertile spermatozoa from the cryopreserved testis and has reduced the dependency on transplantation. This review provides an update on various cryopreservation strategies for fertility preservation in males expecting gonadotoxic treatment. It also discusses various methods of assessing and ameliorating cryoinjuries. Newer developments on in vitro spermatogenesis and testicular tissue engineering for in vitro sperm production from cryopreserved SSCs and testicular tissue are also discussed.

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Funding

This work was supported by a grant (#RBMH/FW/2019/1) from the Indian Council of Medical Research Government of India.

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  1. Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Odisha, 769008, Rourkela, India

    Tanushree Patra & Mukesh Kumar Gupta

  2. Department of Veterinary Anatomy, College of Veterinary Sciences, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Punjab, 141004, Ludhiana, India

    Devendra Pathak

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  1. Tanushree Patra
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TP DP and MKG: Contributed to the conceptualization review of literature detailed discussion and writing of the manuscript.

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Patra, T., Pathak, D. & Gupta, M.K. Strategies for cryopreservation of testicular cells and tissues in cancer and genetic diseases. Cell Tissue Res 385, 1–19 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00441-021-03437-4

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