Abstract
We have identified multiple alleles for a single gene termed W14/15. This gene encodes closely related but not identical proteins W14 and W15 that accumulate in overwinter buds of Gentiana triflora (Takahashi et al. in Breed Sci 56:39–46, 2006; Hikage et al. in Mol Genet Genomics 278:95–104, 2007). In this study, structural analysis of the W14/15 gene was carried out for 21 different gentian lines/cultivars consisting of 5 different species, to survey species- or line/cultivar-specific haplotypes. Within the samples examined, multiple variant forms were found. Those were categorized into seven major types (type I–VII) and ten subtypes based on the presence of three short insertion/deletion sites, three RFLP sites, and several SNP sites. Each line/cultivar had a distinct set of W14/15 gene variants for an allelic pair. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the W14/15 alleles cluster into groups that are characteristic of gentian species, i.e., G. triflora, G. scabra, G. pneumonanthe, G. septemfida and an unknown species other than the former four. In addition, within the same gentian species, different sets of haplotypes were found. Thus, the W14/15 alleles provide useful landmarks to resolve phylogenies of the genus or section Gentiana, as well as to analyze pedigree and breeding history of the cultivars derived from those Gentiana sp.
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Acknowledgments
We greatly appreciate Hachimantai Floricultural Research and Development Center, Hachimantai, Iwate 028-7592, and Iwate Agricultural Research Center, Kitakami, Iwate 024-0003, Japan for providing gentian lines of native species and cultivars. We also thank Dr. T. Nishio at Tohoku University for detailed experimental procedures of dot-blot-SNP analysis. This work was supported in part by “Research and Development Projects for Application in Promoting New Policy of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries” from the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries of Japan, and by 21st COE program to Iwate University from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan.
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Communicated by R. Hagemann.
Nucleotide sequence data are available in the DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank Database under the accession numbers AB281493, AB281494, AB573233, AB573234, AB587674 and AB587675. Leaves of native species of Gentiana triflora var. japonica used in this study were collected at Mt. Hachimantai (Towada-Hachimanntai National Park) under official permission of the Ministry of the Environment of Japan (to K.T.).
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Hikage, T., Kogusuri, K., Tanaka-Saito, C. et al. W14/15 esterase gene haplotype can be a genetic landmark of cultivars and species of the genus Gentiana L. Mol Genet Genomics 285, 47–56 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00438-010-0582-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00438-010-0582-z