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In vivo anthelmintic activity of Anogeissus leiocarpus Guill & Perr (Combretaceae) against nematodes in naturally infected sheep

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Abstract

The identification of new anthelmintic drugs becomes a priority because of the availability of a handful of drugs, cost of treatments, and recent emergence of drug resistance. Medicinal plants are a good source of bioactive compounds for development of drugs. In this study, in vivo efficacy of Anogeissus leiocarpus was assessed in sheep naturally infected with gastrointestinal nematodes. Fecal examination, serological analyses, and necropsy were carried out to determine the egg and worm-burden reduction. The administration of ethanolic extract (single oral dose of 80 mg/kg) of A. leiocarpus induced a moderate fecal egg reduction (81 %) and adult worm-burden reduction (87 %) against Haemonchus contortus and Trichostrongylus colubriformis (82 %). The plant exhibited high efficacy against adult Strongyloïdes papillosus (100 %), Gaigeria pachyscelis (90 %), Cooperia curticei (100 %), and Oesophagostomum columbianum (95 %) but low efficacy against Trichostrongylus axei (67 %) and Trichuris globulosa (79 %). All these helminthes were sensitive to fenbendazole, except O. columbianum which showed a decrease susceptibility (17 %). The plant extract also improved certain biological parameters by increasing bodyweight from 0.7 ± 2.9 to 3.3 ± 1.9 % and improving hematocrit of 6.9 ± 1.6 % 3-week posttreatment. It emerges from the results that the plant possesses significant effectiveness on diarrhea; all treated animals gave normal feces. This study has shown that A. leiocarpus could find an application in the control of multiparasitism in small ruminants.

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Acknowledgments

The authors sincerely thank the “Programme Stratégique d’Appui à la Recherche Scientifique (PASRES, Project No. 21)” for financial support and the “Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d’Ivoire (CSRS)” for technical assistance. The authors acknowledge support from the consortium Afrique One “Ecosystem and Population Health: Expanding Frontiers in Health,” which is funded by the Wellcome Trust (WT087535MA). Thanks are also due to Dr. Esso Emmanuel and Mr. Yao Konan for statistical assistance.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratoire de Botanique, UFR Biosciences, Université Félix Houphouët Boigny, BP 582, Abidjan 22, Côte d’Ivoire

    Dramane Soro, Bernadin Dro & Kagoyire Kamanzi

  2. Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d’Ivoire (CSRS), BP 1303, Abidjan 01, Côte d’Ivoire

    Dramane Soro, Witabouna Mamidou Koné, Bassirou Bonfoh, Bernadin Dro, Kassédo Bénédicte Toily & Kagoyire Kamanzi

  3. UFR Sciences de la Nature, Université Nangui Abrogoua, BP 801, Abidjan 02, Côte d’Ivoire

    Witabouna Mamidou Koné

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  1. Dramane Soro
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  2. Witabouna Mamidou Koné
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  3. Bassirou Bonfoh
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Correspondence to Witabouna Mamidou Koné.

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Soro, D., Koné, W.M., Bonfoh, B. et al. In vivo anthelmintic activity of Anogeissus leiocarpus Guill & Perr (Combretaceae) against nematodes in naturally infected sheep. Parasitol Res 112, 2681–2688 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-013-3435-y

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