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Microsatellite marker analysis shows differentiation among Trypanosoma cruzi populations of peripheral blood and dejections of Triatoma infestans fed on the same chronic chagasic patients

Microsatellite marker analysis and T. cruzi

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Abstract

To investigate whether Trypanosoma cruzi populations found in chagasic cardiopathic and non-cardiopathic patients are genetically differentiated, three molecular microsatellite markers were analysed. This analysis was also applied to compare T. cruzi samples from peripheral blood or dejections of Triatoma infestans fed on the blood of the same patients. In order to obtain the first objective, analyses of predominant T. cruzi genotypes were conducted using three approaches: a locus-by-locus analysis; a Fisher method across three loci; and analysis of molecular variance by Genepop and Arlequin programs. Only with one locus and on the blood samples was a significant differentiation detected among non-cardiopathic and cardiopathic groups, which was not confirmed by the other two methods. On the contrary, with the three approaches, it was found that T. cruzi clones present in the blood of patients are genetically differentiated from those detected in dejections of T. infestans fed on the same patients. Our results showed that the most frequent lineage both in blood as well as in triatomine dejection samples was TcI. No significant difference in T. cruzi lineage distribution was observed among chagasic cardiopathic and non-cardiopathic patients. The majority of the samples (50–60%) had only one T. cruzi clone (uniclonal) either in blood or dejection samples.

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by FONDECYT, nos. 1040731 and 1070837. We would like to thank Prof. Jorge Rodriguez at the Escuela de Salud Pública, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile for help with the statistical analysis of the T. cruzi lineages, shown in Table 3.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Programa de Biología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Independencia 1027, Santiago, Chile

    Juan Venegas, Sandra Miranda, William Coñoepan, Werner Apt & Gittith Sánchez

  2. Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile

    Sergio Pîchuantes

  3. Dpto Laboratorio de Salud, Instituto de Salud Pública, Santiago, Chile

    María Isabel Jercic

  4. Instituto de Entomología, Universidad Metropolitana de Ciencias de la Educación & Instituto de Salud Pública de Chile, Santiago, Chile

    Christian González

  5. Departamento de Patología, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile

    Marta Gajardo

  6. Hospital San Borja Arriarán, Santiago, Chile

    Arturo Arribada

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  1. Juan Venegas
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  2. Sandra Miranda
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  10. Gittith Sánchez
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Correspondence to Juan Venegas.

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Fig. S1

Frequency of multiclonality based on Trypanosoma cruzi microsatellite markers SCLE10, SCLE11 and MCLE01in four sample groups. N-B and C-B: groups of blood samples from 42 non-cardiopathic or 32 cardiopathic chagasic patients, respectively. N-X and C-X: groups of dejection samples from Triatoma infestans fed on the same 42 non-cardiopathic or 32 cardiopathic chagasic patients, respectively (xenodiagnosis, see “Materials and methods”). Numbers on the left represent the minimal number of T. cruzi clones detected in each sample (DOC 24.5 kb)

Fig. S2

Lineage frequency of predominant Trypanosoma cruzi clones found in cardiopathic and non cardiopathic chagasic patients. N-B and C-B: groups of blood samples from 42 non-cardiopathic or 32 cardiopathic chagasic patients, respectively. N-X and C-X: groups of dejection samples from Triatoma infestans fed on the same 42 non-cardiopathic or 32 cardiopathic chagasic patients, respectively (xenodiagnosis, see “Materials and methods”). Lineage nomenclature according to Zingales et al. (2009) (DOC 24.5 kb)

Table S1

Genetic patterns of Trypanosoma cruzi clones found in peripheral blood and xenodiagnosis of chagasic patients determined by microsatellite markers SCLE10, SCLE11 and MCLE01 (DOC 709 kb)

Table S2

Efficiency of T. cruzi microsatellite markers SCLE10, SCL11 and MCLE01 in cardiopathic and non-cardiopathic chagasic individuals (DOC 27.0 kb)

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Venegas, J., Miranda, S., Coñoepan, W. et al. Microsatellite marker analysis shows differentiation among Trypanosoma cruzi populations of peripheral blood and dejections of Triatoma infestans fed on the same chronic chagasic patients. Parasitol Res 107, 855–863 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-010-1939-2

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