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Variations in Circadian Clock Organization & Function: A Journey from Ancient to Recent

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Abstract

Main conclusion

Circadian clock components exhibit structural variations in different plant systems, and functional variations during various abiotic stresses. These variations bear relevance for plant fitness and could be important evolutionarily.

Abstract

All organisms on earth have the innate ability to measure time as diurnal rhythms that occur due to the earth's rotations in a 24-h cycle. Circadian oscillations arising from the circadian clock abide by its fundamental properties of periodicity, entrainment, temperature compensation, and oscillator mechanism, which is central to its function. Despite the fact that a myriad of research in Arabidopsis thaliana illuminated many detailed aspects of the circadian clock, many more variations in clock components’ organizations and functions remain to get deciphered. These variations are crucial for sustainability and adaptation in different plant systems in the varied environmental conditions in which they grow. Together with these variations, circadian clock functions differ drastically even during various abiotic and biotic stress conditions. The present review discusses variations in the organization of clock components and their role in different plant systems and abiotic stresses. We briefly introduce the clock components, entrainment, and rhythmicity, followed by the variants of the circadian clock in different plant types, starting from lower non-flowering plants, marine plants, dicots to the monocot crop plants. Furthermore, we discuss the interaction of the circadian clock with components of various abiotic stress pathways, such as temperature, light, water stress, salinity, and nutrient deficiency with implications for the reprogramming during these stresses. We also update on recent advances in clock regulations due to post-transcriptional, post-translation, non-coding, and micro-RNAs. Finally, we end this review by summarizing the points of applicability, a remark on the future perspectives, and the experiments that could clear major enigmas in this area of research.

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Data availability statement

The dataset used for analysis in the current study is available at NCBI repository GEO accession Server with BioProject ID: PRJNA548235 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bioproject/PRJNA548235.

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Acknowledgements

Support from Department of Science and Technology, India and National Institute of Science Education and Research is highly acknowledged.

Funding

This work is supported by Department of Science and Technology, WOS-A Women Scientist Fellowship, Grant Number: SR/LS-369/2018 awarded to MP.

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  1. School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research, Jatni, Odisha, 752050, India

    Alena Patnaik, Kishore C. S. Panigrahi & Madhusmita Panigrahy

  2. Department of Bioresources Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, South Korea

    Hemasundar Alavilli

  3. Institute of Science, Visva-Bharati Central University, Santiniketan, West Bengal, 731235, India

    Jnanendra Rath

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Patnaik, A., Alavilli, H., Rath, J. et al. Variations in Circadian Clock Organization & Function: A Journey from Ancient to Recent. Planta 256, 91 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-022-04002-1

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