Abstract
Main conclusion
Extracellular ATP level induced a transient increase during germination of Arabidopsis seeds, and extracellular ATP could negatively regulate the seed germination by its receptor, DORN1.
Abstract
Extracellular ATP (exATP) acts as a signal molecule for regulating growth, development, and responses of plants to external environments. In this study, we investigated the possible involvement of exATP in regulating the seed germination of Arabidopsis thaliana. Treatments of Arabidopsis seeds with exogenous ATP delayed seed germination, suggesting that exATP could be a repressor for seed germination. During the germination of Arabidopsis seeds, the exATP level of the seeds presented a transient increase. When exogenous application of the glucose-hexokinase system effectively decreased the exATP level of the Arabidopsis seeds during germination, the percentage of germination was significantly enhanced, while the products of ATP hydrolysis had no effects on the germination. Further studies showed that the seeds of dorn 1–3 mutant plants (mutation in exATP receptor) showed a higher germination percentage, compared to the seeds of wide type (WT) plants. In addition, the dorn 1–3 mutant seeds were less sensitive to the delay-effect of exogenous ATP on seed germination than the WT seeds. The dorn 1–3 mutant seeds presented a higher GA (gibberellin) content, lower ABA (abscisic acid) content, and lower ratio of ABA/GA contents before the imbibition, compared to the WT seeds. The regulation of seed germination by exATP was dependent on the external temperature. These data suggest that exATP is involved in regulating Arabidopsis seed germination.
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Data availability statement
The data generated and/or analyzed during this study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
Abbreviations
- DORN1:
-
Does not respond to nucleotides 1
- exATP:
-
Extracellular ATP
- GA:
-
Gibberellin
- WT:
-
Wild-type
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Acknowledgements
We thank The Arabidopsis Biological Resource Center at Ohio State University for providing dorn 1-3 mutant seeds
Funding
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 31870246, and 31560059), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Gansu Universities of Gansu Provincial Department of Finance, the University Scientific Research Project of Gansu Province (No. 2015A-007), the Key Research and Development Project of Gansu Province (No. 18YF1NA051), and the Youth Teacher Scientific Research Ability Promotion Plan Innovation Team Project of Northwest Normal University.
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Wang, H., Zhang, Y., Shi, Z. et al. Extracellular ATP is involved in regulating Arabidopsis seed germination. Planta 255, 66 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-022-03839-w
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-022-03839-w