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Detection and discrimination of seminal fluid using attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR FT-IR) spectroscopy combined with chemometrics

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Abstract

Semen is most frequently encountered body fluid in forensic cases apart from blood especially in sexual assault cases. The presence and absence of semen can help in conviction or exoneration of a suspect by either confirming or refuting the claims put forward by the suspect and the victim. However, in the wake of limited studies on non-destructive and rapid analysis of semen, it is fairly difficult. Therefore, it is an increasing demand to pioneer the application of available analytical methods in such manner that non-destructive, automated, rapid, and reliable identification and discrimination of body fluids can be established. In the present study, such a methodological application of attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR FT-IR) spectroscopy has been put forward as one of the initial steps towards the identification and discrimination/classification of seminal fluid from vaginal fluid and other human biological as well as non-biological look-alike semen substances using chemometric tools which are principal component analysis (PCA), partial least square regression (PLSR), and linear discriminant analysis (LDA). Effect of other simulated factors such as substrate interference, mixing with other body fluids, dilutions, and washing and chemical treatments to the samples has been studied. PCA resulted in 98.8% of accuracy for the discrimination of seminal fluid from vaginal fluid whilst 100% accuracy was obtained using LDA method. One hundred percent discrimination was achieved to discriminate semen from other biological fluids using PLSR and LDA, and from non-biological substances using PCA-LDA models. Furthermore, results of the effect of substrates, chemical treatment, mixing with vaginal secretions, and dilution have also been described.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would sincerely like to thank the University Grants Commission (UGC), Ministry of Human Resource Development, Govt. of India for the financial assistance for providing laboratory facilities in the Department of Forensic Science, Punjabi University Patiala.

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  1. Department of Forensic Science, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, 147002, India

    Sweety Sharma & Rajinder Singh

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  1. Sweety Sharma
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  2. Rajinder Singh
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Correspondence to Rajinder Singh.

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All procedures performed in this study involving human participants were in accordance with the Institutional Ethical Committee (IEC), Punjabi university, Patiala 147002, with letter number IEC/03-2017/08. All the participants were informed about the study and their consent was duly recorded.

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Sharma, S., Singh, R. Detection and discrimination of seminal fluid using attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR FT-IR) spectroscopy combined with chemometrics. Int J Legal Med 134, 411–432 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00414-019-02222-x

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