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Allele frequency distribution of 13 X-chromosomal STR loci in Pakistani population

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Abstract

Short tandem repeat (STR) markers are extensively being used for human identification as well as paternity and forensic case work. X-chromosome STR (X-STR) markers are a powerful complementary system especially in deficiency paternity testing. Many X-linked microsatellites have been evaluated but further studies are required to determine population specific statistics. Here, we report allele frequencies of 13 X-linked microsatellites (DXS8378, DXS9902, DXS6810, DXS7132, DXS981, DXS6793, DXS6801, DXS6789, GATA172D05, HPRTB, GATA31E08, DXS8377, and DXS7423) in the Pakistani population. Blood samples were collected from individuals representing all major ethnic groups of the Pakistan population. A total of 5–18 alleles were observed for each locus and altogether 109 alleles for all 13 X-STR loci. Heterozygosity in females ranged from 0.524 to 0.884. No significant deviation was observed from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium for all 13 microsatellites. In addition, there was no evidence of linkage disequilibrium in any pairs of these markers. These results strongly suggest that the X-linked microsatellites described here can potentially serve as an extension to autosomal systems currently used in parentage analysis and forensic case work.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to all individuals for their participation in this study. This work was supported in part by Higher Education Commission, Islamabad, Pakistan and Ministry of Science and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, 87 West Canal Bank Road, Lahore, 53700, Pakistan

    Muhammad Akram Tariq, Obaid Ullah, S. Amer Riazuddin & Sheikh Riazuddin

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  1. Muhammad Akram Tariq
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  2. Obaid Ullah
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  3. S. Amer Riazuddin
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  4. Sheikh Riazuddin
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to S. Amer Riazuddin or Sheikh Riazuddin.

Electronic supplementary material

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

Supplementary Table 1

Primer sequences, labeling and references for X-chromosomal STRs. (XLS 23.0 KB)

Supplementary Table 2

Observed allele frequencies for X-chromosomal STRs in Pakistani population (n = 432). (XLS 25.5 KB)

Supplementary Table 3

Haplotype frequencies and standard errors (S.E.) for DXS6801 and DXS6789 in Pakistani male sub sample (n = 285). (XLS 24.0 KB)

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Tariq, M.A., Ullah, O., Riazuddin, S.A. et al. Allele frequency distribution of 13 X-chromosomal STR loci in Pakistani population. Int J Legal Med 122, 525–528 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00414-008-0263-1

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