Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) with the clinical and pathological parameters of 118 laryngeal cancer patients, as well as their effects on the survival of the disease.
Methods
For the calculation of SII, PLR, and NLR, hemogram tests were conducted before treatment. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to calculate the cut-off value of SII, NLR, and PLR for overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS).
Results
A statistically significant relationship was found between SII and lymphovascular invasion and between NLR and local recurrence, and lymphovascular invasion. In a univariate analysis, SII (p < 0.001) and NLR (p = 0.001) for OS and SII (p < 0.001), PLR (p = 0.043), and NLR (p < 0.001) for DFS were detected as prognostic factors. In a multivariate analysis for OS, SII (HR = 10.54, 95% CI 1.28–86.77; p = 0.029) and extracapsular extension (HR = 3.08, 95% CI 1.15–8.21; p = 0.024) were identified as independent prognostic factors. In a multivariate analysis for DFS, only an extracapsular extension presence (HR = 3.32, 95% CI 1.37–8.08; p = 0.008) was detected as an independent prognostic factor.
Conclusion
In laryngeal cancer, high SII values were determined as poor independent prognostic factors for OS. High SII, NLR, and PRL have been identified as poor prognostic factors in DFS. A correlation was found between NLR and local recurrence, and lymphovascular invasion and between SII with lymphovascular invasion positivity.
Similar content being viewed by others
Availability of data and materials
Full text paper of included studies are available at journal website, according to journals publication policies.
Code availability
Not applicable.
References
Siegel RL, Miller KD, Jemal A (2016) Cancer statistics. Cancer J Clin 66:7–30
Hashibe M, Brennan P, Chuang SC et al (2009) Interaction between tobacco and alcohol use and the risk of head and neck cancer: pooled analysis in the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology Consortium. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 18:541–550
Rudolph E, Dyckhoff G, Becher H, Dietz A, Ramroth H (2011) Effects of tumour stage, comorbidity and therapy on survival of laryngeal cancer patients: a systematic review and a meta-analysis. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 268:165–179
Cosetti M, Yu GP, Schantz SP (2008) Five-year survival rates and time trends of laryngeal cancer in the US population. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 134:370–379
Patel SG, Lydiatt WM, Glastonbury CM et al (2017) Larynx. In: Amin MB (ed) American Joint Committee on Cancer staging manual, 8th edn. Springer, NewYork, pp 149–163
Lewis CM, Chinn SB, Holsinger C, Weber RS (2016) Cancer of the Larynx: Tis, T1, T2 Evaluation and Management. In: Bernier J (ed) Head and neck cancer multimodality management, 2nd edn. Springer, Switzerland, pp 539–554
Narayana A, Vaughan AT, Kathuria S, Fisher SG, Walter SA, Reddy SP (2000) P53 overexpression is associated with bulky tumor and poor local control in T1 glottic cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 46(1):21–26
Hanahan D, Weinberg RA (2011) Hallmarks of cancer: the next generation. Cell 144:646–674
Tecchio C, Scapini P, Pizzolo G, Cassatella MA (2013) On the cytokines produced by human neutrophils in tumors. Semin Cancer Biol 23:159–170
Kuper H, Adami HO, Trichopoulos D (2000) Infections as a major preventable cause of human cancer. J Intern Med 248:171–183
Mantovani A, Allavena P, Sica A, Balkwill F (2008) Cancer-related inflammation. Nature 454:436–444
Diakos CI, Charles KA, McMillan DC, Clarke SJ (2014) Cancer-related inflammation and treatment effectiveness. Lancet Oncol 15:493–503
Muller I, Munder M, Kropf P, Hansch GM (2009) Polymorphonuclear neutrophils and T lymphocytes: strange bedfellows or brothers in arms? Trends Immunol 30:522–530
Labelle M, Begum S, Hynes RO (2011) Direct signaling between platelets and cancer cells induces an epithelial-mesenchymal-like transition and promotes metastasis. Cancer Cell 20:576–590
Schumacher D, Strilic B, Sivaraj KK, Wettschureck N, Offermanns S (2013) Platelet-derived nucleotides promote tumor-cell transendothelial migration and metastasis via P2Y2 receptor. Cancer Cell 24:130–137
Zhong JH, Huang DH, Chen ZY (2017) Prognostic role of systemic immune-inflammation index in solid tumors: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Oncotarget 8(43):75381–75388
Hu B, Yang XR, Xu Y et al (2014) Systemic immune-inflammation index predicts prognosis of patients after curative resection for hepatocellular carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res 20:6212–6222
Cools-Lartigue J, Spicer J, McDonald B et al (2013) Neutrophil extracellular traps sequester circulating tumor cells and promote metastasis. J Clin Invest 123(8):3446–3458
Kusumanto YH, Dam WA, Hospers GA, Meijer C, Mulder NH (2003) Platelets and granulocytes, in particular the neutrophils, form important compartments for circulating vascular endothelial growth factor. Angiogenesis 6:283–287
Ferrone C, Dranoff G (2010) Dual roles for immunity in gastrointestinal cancers. J Clin Oncol 28:4045–4051
Templeton AJ, Ace O, McNamara MG et al (2014) Prognostic role of platelet to lymphocyte ratio in solid tumors: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 23:1204–1212
Templeton AJ, McNamara MG, Seruga B et al (2014) Prognostic role of neutrophilto-lymphocyte ratio in solid tumors: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Natl Cancer Inst 106(6):124
Oken MM, Creech RH, Tormey DC et al (1982) Toxicity and response criteria of The Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group. Am J Clin Oncol 5:649–655
Proctor MJ, Morrison DS, Talwar D et al (2011) An inflammation-based prognostic score (mGPS) predicts cancer survival independent of tumour site: a Glasgow Inflammation Outcome Study. Br J Cancer 104(4):726–734
Nozoe T, Iguchi T, Egashira A, Adachi E, Matsukuma A, Ezaki T (2011) Significance of modified Glasgow prognostic score as a useful indicator for prognosis of patients with gastric carcinoma. Am J Surg 201(2):186–191
Deveci I, Surmeli M, Onder S, Karabulut B, Deveci HS, Oysu C (2019) Correlation of histopathological findings in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma with inflammatory biomarkers. ENTupdates 9(1):44–52
Wang J, Wang S, Song X et al (2016) The prognostic value of systemic and local inflammation in patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Onco Targets Ther 9:7177–7185
Demir A, Alan O, Surmeli M (2020) Predictive values of systemic inflammation index in prognosis of patients with laryngeal cancer. EJMO 4(1):49–53
Chen H, Song S, Zhang L, Dong W, Chen X, Zhou H (2020) Preoperative platelet–lymphocyte ratio predicts recurrence of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Future Oncol 16(6):209–217
Kum RO, Ozcan M, Baklaci D et al (2014) Elevated neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in squamous cell carcinoma of larynx compared to benign and precancerous laryngeal lesions. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 15:7351–7355
Chandrasekara S, Davis S, Thomson P, Haydon A (2018) High neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio predicts poor prognosis in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck treated with definitive chemoradiotherapy. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol 14(5):e442–e447
Mascarella MA, Mannard E, Daniela Silva Wurzba S, Zeitouni A (2018) Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in head and neck cancer prognosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Head Neck 40(5):1091–1100
Kara M, Uysal S, Altinisik U, Cevizci S, Güçlü O, Dereköy FS (2017) The pretreatment neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, and red cell distribution width predict prognosis in patients with laryngeal carcinoma. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 274(1):535–542
Zhou S, Yuan H, Wang J et al (2020) Prognostic value of systemic inflammatory marker in patients with head and necksquamous cell carcinoma undergoing surgical resection. Future Oncol. https://doi.org/10.2217/fon-2020-0010 (Epub ahead of print)
Geng Y, Shao Y, Zhu D et al (2016) Systemic immune-inflammation index predicts prognosis of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a propensity score-matched analysis. Sci Rep 6:39482. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep39482
Wang L, Wang C, Wang J, Huang X, Cheng Y (2017) A novel systemic immune-in ammation index predicts survival and quality of life of patients after curative resection for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 143:2077–2086. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00432-017-2451
Chen JH, Zhai ET, Yuan YJ et al (2017) Systemic immune-inflammation index for predicting prognosis of colorectal cancer. World J Gastroenterol 23:6261–6272
Funding
There is no funding.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection, and analysis were performed by EAA, BY. The first draft of the manuscript was written by EAA and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Ethics approval
The study was approved by the medical faculty of the University of Health Sciences and the Dr. Abdurrahman Yurtaslan Oncology Training and Research Hospital review board (Ethics committee approval was waived, since this is a retrospective study, decision number: 2020-03/565).
Informed consent
Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.
Consent for publication
The authors have read and approved the final manuscript. We warrant that the article is an original article, is not under consideration by another journal, and has not been previously published. Also, we transfer copyright to the Publisher.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Atasever Akkas, E., Yucel, B. Prognostic value of systemic ımmune ınflammation ındex in patients with laryngeal cancer. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 278, 1945–1955 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-021-06798-2
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-021-06798-2