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Fabricating polymeric hydrogel membranes embedded with amine- and copper- modified nanostructures for RG 19 removal

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Abstract

We aim to develop new types of adsorbents for Reactive Green 19 (RG 19) removal studies by combining nanoparticles and polymeric hydrogel membranes (PHMs). Poly (2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) [p(HEMA)]-based PHMs embedded with modified nanoparticles are synthesised for the first time ever, and their performance are investigated vis-a-vis Reactive Green 19 (RG 19) removal from aqueous solution. First, p(HEMA) nanoparticles are synthesised by surfactant-free emulsion polymerisation. Next, the nanoparticles are modified with amine and copper (Cu) to increase the number of dye-binding active sites. The PHMs containing modified and unmodified nanoparticles, respectively, are synthesised by photopolymerisation. The PHMs are characterised with attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, scanning transmission electron microscopy, contact angle, and swelling capacity analyses. RG 19 is removed from aqueous solution under different parameters, such as pH, initial dye concentration, and contact time. The maximum RG 19 adsorption capacities over a 2-h period are 816.0, 648.0, and 194.1 mg/g (pH = 7.0; temp = 298.0 K; dye concentration = 15,000 mg/L) for the PHMs containing amine-modified, Cu-modified, and unmodified nanoparticles, respectively. We observe that the adsorption process occurs over two steps. The kinetic model is compatible with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The RG 19 adsorption capacities of the PHMs do not considerably decrease during six adsorption − desorption cycles. In turn, the PHMs embedded with amine- and Cu-modified nanoparticles, respectively, might be an economical alternative to adsorbents with high adsorption capacity in the context of RG 19 removal studies.

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The authors declare that the data supporting the findings of this study are available within the paper.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank Ege University Scientific Research Projects Committee (FKB-2019-20415) for supporting this work. We would also like to thank Ege University Central Research Test and Analysis Laboratory Application and Research Center for strengthening the characterisation part of our work. We would extend our thanks Prof. Dr. Dilek Odacı and Dr. Simge ER, who supported the contact angle analyses of the study. We would like to thank Oya Tabanoğlu for helping us improve the resolution of the images used in this study. We are grateful to Ege University Planning and Monitoring Coordination of Organizational Development and Directorate of Library and Documentation for their support in editing and proofreading service of this study.

Funding

This work was supported by Ege University Scientific Research Projects Committee (Grant Number FKB − 2019 − 20415).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Central Research Test and Analysis Laboratory Application and Research Center, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey

    Nevra Öztürk Atay

  2. Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey

    Sinan Akgöl

  3. Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center, Istanbul, Turkey

    Sinan Akgöl

Authors
  1. Nevra Öztürk Atay
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  2. Sinan Akgöl
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Contributions

Nevra Öztürk Atay, took part in conducting the experimental part of the study, gathering and processing the data, drawing the graphs and figures, and writing the manuscript. Sinan Akgöl, took part in the polymerization, characterization of polymers, and interpretation of the results of the study.

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Correspondence to Nevra Öztürk Atay.

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Atay, N.Ö., Akgöl, S. Fabricating polymeric hydrogel membranes embedded with amine- and copper- modified nanostructures for RG 19 removal. Colloid Polym Sci 302, 303–315 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00396-023-05195-x

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