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Entzündung und Knochenmetabolismus

Inflammation and bone metabolism

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Zusammenfassung

Ein ausgeglichenes Verhältnis zwischen Knochenresorption und Knochenaufbau zeichnet einen gesunden Knochenmetabolismus aus. Osteoblasten sind für den Knochenaufbau und Osteoklasten für den Knochenabbau zuständig. Generell beeinflussen entzündliche, jedoch insbesondere chronisch-entzündliche Prozesse die Osteoblasten- und Osteoklastenfunktion über direkte, aber auch indirekte Mechanismen. Der Knochenmetabolismus wird durch Zytokine, Hormone und Wachstumsfaktoren verändert. Die Veränderungen am Knochen werden letztendlich durch die Knochenzellen selbst als Reaktion auf die Interaktion mit diesen Molekülen herbeigeführt. Zentral am Knochenstoffwechsel beteiligt ist das „receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB“(RANK)/RANK-Ligand(RANKL)/Osteoprotegerin(OPG)-System, das durch verschiedene entzündliche Prozesse beeinflusst wird. Üblicherweise resultiert eine (chronische) Entzündung in einem verstärkten Knochenabbau. In dieser Übersichtsarbeit werden die molekularen Mechanismen und pathophysiologischen Stoffwechselwege des Knochenmetabolismus unter dem Einfluss von Entzündungsprozessen dargestellt.

Abstract

A finely balanced relationship between bone resorption and bone formation is characteristic for a healthy bone metabolism. Osteoblasts are responsible for bone formation and osteoclasts for bone resorption. In general inflammatory and in particular chronic inflammatory processes influence osteoblast and osteoclast function directly or via indirect mechanisms. Bone metabolism can be influenced by the interaction of cytokines, hormones and growth factors with bone cells. A central factor involved in bone metabolism is the receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB (RANK)/RANK ligand (RANKL)/osteoprotegerin (OPG) system, which is influenced by different inflammatory processes. Usually, (chronic) inflammation results in increased bone loss. The molecular mechanisms and pathophysiological pathways of bone metabolism under the influence of inflammation are summarized in this review.

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Einhaltung ethischer Richtlinien

Interessenkonflikt. E. Neumann, U. Müller-Ladner und K.W. Frommer geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht. Dieser Beitrag beinhaltet keine Studien an Menschen oder Tieren.

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  1. Abteilung Innere Medizin und Rheumatologie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Kerckhoff-Klinik GmbH, Benekestr. 2–8, 61231, Bad Nauheim, Deutschland

    E. Neumann, U. Müller-Ladner & K.W. Frommer

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  1. E. Neumann
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  2. U. Müller-Ladner
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  3. K.W. Frommer
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Correspondence to E. Neumann.

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Neumann, E., Müller-Ladner, U. & Frommer, K. Entzündung und Knochenmetabolismus. Z. Rheumatol. 73, 342–348 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00393-013-1288-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00393-013-1288-5

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