Skip to main content
Log in

Der herzkranke Diabetiker und zerebrovaskuläre Erkrankungen

Diabetes and cerebrovascular disease

  • Published:
Clinical Research in Cardiology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

Diabetes has significant implications for cardiac surgery. It is not only a major risk factor for coronary heart disease but also increases the risk for cerebrovascular complications during heart surgery. Surgical technique is pivotal for the outcome. “Off-pump“ surgery carries a lower risk for stroke than conventional heart surgery. When a stroke happens, diabetes plays also a major role for the final outcome. Initial blood glucose levels during a stroke and final outcome are highly correlated. Consequently, patients with ischemic stroke after cardiac surgery should be treated according to the current criteria for stroke treatment. This includes strict monitoring of blood glucose level and avoidance of hypo- as well as hyperglycemia.

Zusammenfassung

Das Vorliegen eines Diabetes mellitus hat weitreichende Konsequenzen für die Herzchirurgie. Der Diabetes ist nicht nur ein Risikofaktor für die koronare Herzerkrankung, sondern erhöht auch das Risiko für zentralnervöse Komplikationen bei der koronaren Herzchirurgie. Unter anderem wird das Komplikationsrisiko durch die Operationstechnik bestimmt. „Off-pump“-koronare Herzchirurgie ist mit einer niedrigeren Rate von Schlaganfällen assoziiert. Treten zerebrovaskuläre Komplikationen auf, spielt der Diabetes eine prognosebestimmende Rolle. Der initiale Blutzuckerspiegel und das funktionelle Ergebnis sind nach einem Schlaganfall eng miteinander korreliert. Als Konsequenz ist zu fordern, dass die Behandlungsoptionen beim akuten ischämischen Schlaganfall nach Koronarinterventionen auch und gerade bei Patienten mit Diabetes mellitus den allgemein gültigen Behandlungskriterien entsprechen müssen. Zwingend erforderlich sind sofort beginnendes Monitoring der Blutzuckerwerte, strikte Hypo- und Hyperglykämievermeidung und akute Stoffwechselrekompensation. Die Datenlage spricht für den Erfolg einer akut beginnenden normnahen (80–120 mg/dl) Stoffwechselführung.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Abraham R, Karamanoukian HL, Jajkowski MR, von Fricken K, D’Ancona G, Bergsland J, Salerno TA (2001) Does avoidance of cardiopulmonary bypass decrease the incidence of stroke in diabetics undergoing coronary surgery? Heart Surg Forum 4(2):135–140

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Adler AI, Stratton IM, Neil HA, Yudkin JS, Matthews DR, Cull CA, Wright AD, Turner RC, Holman RR (2000) Association of systolic blood pressure with macrovascular and microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 36): prospective observational study. BMJ 321(7258):412–419

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. APT Antiplatelet Trialists’ Collaboration (1994) Collaborative overview of randomised trials of antiplatelet therapy-I: Prevention of death, myocardial infarction, and stroke by prolonged antiplatelet therapy in various categories of patients. BMJ 308:81–106

    Google Scholar 

  4. Bucerius J, Gummert JF, Borger MA, Walther T, Doll N, Onnasch JF, Metz S, Falk V, Mohr FW (2003) Stroke after cardiac surgery: a risk factor analysis of 16,184 consecutive adult patients. Ann Thorac Surg 75(2):472–478

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Boeken U, Litmathe J, Feindt P, Gams E (2005) Neurological complications after cardiac surgery: risk factors and correlation to the surgical procedure. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 53(1):33–36

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Els T, Klisch J, Orszagh M, Hetzel A, Schulte-Monting J, Schumacher M, Lücking CH (2002) Hyperglycemia in patients with focal cerebral ischemia after intravenous thrombolysis: influence on clinical outcome and infarct size. Cerebrovasc Dis 13(2):89–94

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Haffner SM, Lehto S, Ronnemaa T, Pyorala K, Laakso M (1998) Mortality from coronary heart disease in subjects with type 2 diabetes and in nondiabetic subjects with and without prior myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 339(4):229–234

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. HPS Heart Protection Study Collaborative Group (2002) MRC/BHF Heart Protection Study of cholesterol lowering with simvastatin in 20,536 high-risk individuals: a randomised placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 360 (9326):7–22

    Google Scholar 

  9. Johnson WD, Pedraza PM, Kayser KL (1982) Coronary artery surgery in diabetics: 261 consecutive patients followed four to seven years. Am Heart J 104(4 Pt 1):823–827

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Khan AH, Khilji SA (2005) Neurological outcome after coronary artery bypass surgery. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad 17(1):18–21

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Lauruschkat AH, Ennker J (2004) Diabetes mellitus in coronary artery surgery: therapeutic strategies in the light of recent studies. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 52(6):349–355

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Luciani N, Nasso G, Gaudino M, Abbate A, Glieca F, Alessandrini F, Girola F, Santarelli F, Possati G (2003) Coronary artery bypass grafting in type II diabetic patients: a comparison between insulin-dependent and non-insulin-dependent patients at short- and mid-term follow-up. Ann Thorac Surg 76(4):1149–1154

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Lynn GM, Stefanko K, Reed JF 3rd, Gee W, Nicholas G (1992) Risk factors for stroke after coronary artery bypass. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 104(6):1518–1523

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Parsons M, Barber PA, Chalk J, Darby DG, Rose S, Desmond PM, Gerraty RP, Tress BM, Wright PM, Donnan GA, Davis SM (2002) Acute hyperglycemia adversely affects stroke outcome: a magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy study. Ann Neurol 52(1):20–28

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Stamou SC, Hill PC, Dangas G, Pfister AJ, Boyce SW, Dullum MK, Bafi AS, Corso PJ (2001) Stroke after coronary artery bypass: incidence, predictors, and clinical outcome. Stroke 32(7):1508–1513

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Standl E, Janka HU, Mehnert H (1982) Improvement of life-expectancy for diabetics through preventive measures. Lebensversicherungsmedizin 34(2):33–36

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Stratton IM, Adler AI, Neil HA, Matthews DR, Manley SE, Cull CA, Hadden D, Turner RC, Holman RR (2000) Association of glycaemia with macrovascular and microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 35): prospective observational study. BMJ 321(7258):405–412

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Weir CJ, Murray GD, Dyker AG, Lees KR (1997) Is hyperglycaemia an independent predictor of poor outcome after acute stroke? Results of a long-term follow up study. BMJ 314(7090):1303–1306

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to M. Fetter.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Fetter, M. Der herzkranke Diabetiker und zerebrovaskuläre Erkrankungen. Clin Res Cardiol 95 (Suppl 1), i59–i62 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00392-006-1104-1

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00392-006-1104-1

Key words

Schlüsselwörter

Navigation