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Führung des Diabetes mellitus bei Angiopathien

Management of diabetes mellitus in patients with angiopathies

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Summary

Nowadays, about 6–8% of the German population suffers from diabetes mellitus mostly type 2 but in patients with angiopathies about 30% have known diabetes and a further 30% have newly diagnosed diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance. Therefore diagnosis and therapy of glucose impairment play a central role for management of these patients. The antidiabetic therapy for secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease has to be embedded in a multifactorial concept with management of hypertension, hyperlipidemia and hypercoagulability. The management of diabetes following guidelines is a stepwise therapy with lifestyle interventions (diet, exercise) and oral drugs or insulin. Metformin has shown favorable outcome in overweight patients if aware of side effects; insulin is a safe drug in multimorbid patients and with planned interventions or operations. We are awaiting the results of multiple endpoint studies with newer antidiabetic drugs which may change our current concept of management of diabetes mellitus in these patients in the near future.

Zusammenfassung

Zirka 6–8% der Bevölkerung in Deutschland sind heute an einem Diabetes mellitus, meist vom Typ 2, erkrankt. Bei Patienten mit manifester Angiopathie haben etwa 30% einen bekannten Diabetes und weitere 30% leiden an einem bisher nicht diagnostiziertem Diabetes bzw. einer gestörten Glukosetoleranz. Daher ist Diagnostik und Therapie der Glukosestoffwechselstörung zentraler Bestandteil der Betreuung dieser Patienten. Zur Sekundärprävention kardiovaskulärer Ereignisse muss die antidiabetische Therapie in ein multimodales Konzept mit Behandlung von Hypertonie, Fettstoffwechselstörung und Hyperkoagulabilität eingeordnet werden. Die leitliniengerechte Therapie des Diabetes folgt einem Stufenmodell mit Änderung des Lebensstils (Ernährung, Bewegung) und medikamentöser Therapie mit Tabletten und Insulin. Besondere Vorteile hat Metformin bei übergewichtigen Patienten unter Beachtung der Anwendungsbeschränkungen. Insulin ist bei schweren Begleiterkrankungen sowie geplanten interventionellen und operativen Eingriffen eine sichere Therapie. In den nächsten Jahren werden die Ergebnisse mehrerer Endpunktstudien mit neueren oralen Antidiabetika erwartet, die unsere Therapieempfehlungen erweitern könnten.

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Correspondence to T. Lohmann.

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Lohmann, T. Führung des Diabetes mellitus bei Angiopathien. ZS Kardiologie 94 (Suppl 4), iv28–iv30 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00392-005-1408-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00392-005-1408-6

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