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Exploring Regulatory Roles of Plant Thylakoid-Bound Proteins Involved in Abiotic Stress Responses

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Abstract

Abiotic stress is triggered by unfavorable environments such as drought, severe heat, heavy metals, soil saturation, high-intensity light, and high salinity. These, in turn greatly affect photosynthesis, which has a large effect on the growth and development of plants. Plant survival in a changing environment depends on the ability of the plant to rapidly adjust its metabolism and photosynthetic processes. For a long time, it has been known that the thylakoid and its lumen play a crucial role in plant responses to the environment in terms of oxygen evolution, electron transfer, and photoprotection. Abiotic stress has a direct effect on photosynthetic activity by disrupting all photosynthetic processes, such as both photosystems I (PSI) and II (PSII), electron transport, carbon fixation, ATP generation, and stomatal conductance. Thylakoid-bound proteins have recently been discovered to play roles in a variety of physiological processes, most notably in the modulation of thylakoid biogenesis, as well as the photosynthetic protein complexes' activity and turnover. These proteins are particularly important in controlling photosystem I, photosystem II, NAD(P)H dehydrogenase-like complexes, and response to various abiotic stresses. According to the proteome study, the thylakoid contains at least 335 different proteins in Arabidopsis thaliana. However, the roles of the majority of thylakoid and lumen proteins involved in oxidative stress remain unknown. This review provides an in-depth analysis at the thylakoid-bound proteins and discusses how various genes get modulated in response to the abiotic stresses.

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Data Availability

Most of the recorded data are available in the Tables and Figures of the manuscript.

Abbreviations

PSI:

Photosystems I

PSII:

Photosystems II

ATP:

Adenosine triphosphate

NAD(P)H:

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

D1:

Encoded by the psbA gene residing in the chloroplast genome

CDPK:

Calcium-dependent protein kinase

PCD:

Programmed cell death

NPQ:

Non-photochemical quenching

CEF:

Cyclic electron flow

LED:

Light-emitting diode

TF:

Transcription factors

tAPX:

Thylakoid-bound ascorbate peroxidase

AsA:

Ascorbic acid

MDA:

Methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA)

DHA:

Dehydroascorbate

SOD:

Superoxide dismutase

GSH:

Glutathione

APX:

Ascorbate peroxidase

POX:

Peroxidases

ETC:

Electron transport chain

DROS:

Diffusible reactive oxygen species

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Acknowledgements

Authors extend their appreciation to the editor and anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments, which have allowed for considerable improvement of the review.

Funding

This work was supported by funding from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants 31801416 to ZY and 31621005 to FL) and the Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS-ASTIPIVFCAAS to FL and ZY).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China

    Masum Billah, Wei Hu, Fuguang Li & Zhaoen Yang

  2. Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China

    Masum Billah, Wei Hu, Fuguang Li & Zhaoen Yang

  3. Wuhan Botanical garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hongshang, Wuhan, China

    Shirin Aktar

  4. Seed and Horticulture Wing, BADC, Dhaka, Bangladesh

    Ripon Kumar Sikder

  5. College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, Henan, China

    Golam Jalal Ahammed

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  5. Wei Hu
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  6. Fuguang Li
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Contributions

MB, FL, and ZY conceptualized the idea. MB and SA writing—original draft. RKP, GJA, WH, ZY, and FL review and editing. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the review.

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Correspondence to Fuguang Li or Zhaoen Yang.

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Billah, M., Aktar, S., Sikder, R.K. et al. Exploring Regulatory Roles of Plant Thylakoid-Bound Proteins Involved in Abiotic Stress Responses. J Plant Growth Regul 43, 1570–1591 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00344-023-11207-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00344-023-11207-5

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