Abstract
AP2/ERF transcription factors are primarily found in plants and play a crucial role in regulating various biological and physiological processes. These processes include plant morphogenesis, response to stresses, hormone signaling, and metabolite biosynthesis. While the AP2/ERF genes in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), wheat (Triticum aestivum), rice (Oryza sativa), and barley (Hordeum vulgare) have been extensively studied, there has been a lack of systematic investigation into the AP2/ERF genes in quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa). Therefore, this study aimed to identify and characterize the AP2/ERF genes in quinoa on a genome-wide scale. A total of 105 CqAP2/ERF genes were identified, and phylogenetic analysis revealed that these genes could be classified into 5 different subfamilies. The evolutionary analysis indicated that CqAP2/ERF gene existed before the evolution of dicotyledons, and genetic variation occurred during the evolution from dicotyledons to monocotyledons. Furthermore, these genes were subjected to purifying selection during evolution. Expression analysis demonstrated that most CqAP2/ERF genes exhibited distinct expression patterns in different tissues and developmental stages. Additionally, five CqAP2/ERF genes were found to be responsive to various stimuli, such as drought, high temperature, salt, and low phosphorus. These findings highlight the importance of CqAP2/ERF genes in quinoa development and their involvement in multiple signaling pathways. The comprehensive understanding of CqAP2/ERFs obtained from this study provides valuable insights for further functional characterization and potential applications in quinoa research.
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Fu, W. Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of the AP2/ERF Gene Family in Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) and Their Expression Profiling During Abiotic Stress Conditions. J Plant Growth Regul 43, 1118–1136 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00344-023-11170-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00344-023-11170-1