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Dual quantum cascade laser-based sensor for simultaneous NO and NO2 detection using a wavelength modulation-division multiplexing technique

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Abstract

A sensor system capable of simultaneous measurements of NO and NO2 was developed using a wavelength modulation-division multiplexing (WMDM) scheme and multi-pass absorption spectroscopy. A continuous wave (CW), distributed-feedback (DFB) quantum cascade laser (QCL) and a CW external-cavity (EC) QCL were employed for targeting a NO absorption doublet at 1900.075 cm−1 and a NO2 absorption line at 1630.33 cm−1, respectively. Simultaneous detection was realized by modulating both QCLs independently at different frequencies and demodulating the detector signals with LabView-programmed lock-in amplifiers. The sensor operated at a reduced pressure of 40 Torr and a data sampling rate of 1 Hz. An Allan–Werle deviation analysis indicated that the minimum detection limits of NO and NO2 can reach sub-ppbv concentration levels with averaging times of 100 and 200 s, respectively.

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Acknowledgements

Y. Yu acknowledges support by China Scholarship Council (CSC) (Grant No. 201406270063). The Rice University group acknowledges support by the National Science Foundation (NSF) ERC MIRTHE award. F. K. Tittel acknowledges support by the Robert Welch Foundation (Grant C-0586), Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy (Grant Nos. DE-0000545, DE-0000547). W. Ye acknowledges support by National Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (61307124), High School Outstanding Young Teacher Training Program of Guangdong Province (YQ2015071) and CSC (Grant No. 201508440112).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Electronic Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China

    Yajun Yu & Fan Yi

  2. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX, 77005, USA

    Yajun Yu, Chuantao Zheng, Weilin Ye, Hongpeng Wu & Frank K. Tittel

  3. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX, 77005, USA

    Nancy P. Sanchez & Robert J. Griffin

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  1. Yajun Yu
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  3. Fan Yi
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  4. Chuantao Zheng
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  8. Frank K. Tittel
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Correspondence to Yajun Yu.

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Yu, Y., Sanchez, N.P., Yi, F. et al. Dual quantum cascade laser-based sensor for simultaneous NO and NO2 detection using a wavelength modulation-division multiplexing technique. Appl. Phys. B 123, 164 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00340-017-6742-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00340-017-6742-7

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