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Structural, electrical and mechanical properties of the (NdFeO3)x/(CuTl)-1223 superconductor phase

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Abstract

The impact of adding the orthoferrite NdFeO3, at the nanoscale, on the (Cu0.5Tl0.5)Ba2Ca2Cu3O10–δ phase formation, microstructure, electrical and mechanical performance was studied. The nano-(NdFeO3)x/(CuTl)-1223 composites, with x = 0.00, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1.00, and 2.00 wt.%, were prepared using the solid-state reaction technique. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed that supplementing the host (CuTl)-1223 phase with nano-NdFeO3 did not alter the unit cell parameters (a and c) and preserved the tetragonal structure. SEM micrographs suggested that the inclusion of nano-NdFeO3 reduced the number of voids and boosted the inter-grain connections. The energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectra revealed the elemental compositions of the various superconductor composites. The superconducting transition temperature (Tc) and the critical current density (Jc) increased with the inclusion of nano-NdFeO3 up to x = 0.50 wt.%. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) spectra analysis revealed the elemental composition and oxidation state of all elements. The Vickers microhardness (Hv) measurements were analyzed and compared with five different theoretical models. According to Hv measurements, the modified proportional sample resistance (MPSR) model provided the best theoretical analysis of Hv within the plateau limit regions. Moreover, various mechanical parameters were estimated as a function of the inclusion of nano-NdFeO3. The indentation creep test showed that the composite samples with high nanoparticle concentration (x > 0.50 wt.%) have dislocation creep mechanism, while those with x ≤ 0.50 wt.% followed a dislocation climbs creep mechanism. A comparison between NdFeO3 nanoparticles and other magnetic ferrites and nano-magnetic oxides was reported.

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Acknowledgements

This work was done in the Faculty of Science, Beirut Arab University, at the Specialized Materials Science Laboratory, Physics Department, and Organic Chemistry Research Laboratory, Chemistry Department in collaboration with the Faculty of Science at Alexandria University in Alexandria, Egypt.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon

    Marwa H. El Makdah, Nour El Ghouch & Mohammad H. El-Dakdouki

  2. Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon

    R. Awad

  3. Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt

    R. Awad & M. Matar

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  1. Marwa H. El Makdah
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  2. Nour El Ghouch
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  3. Mohammad H. El-Dakdouki
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Contributions

Conceptualization: [R. Awad, Marwa H. El Makdah]; Methodology: [Marwa H. El Makdah]; Formal analysis and investigation: [Marwa H. El Makdah, M. Matar, Nour El Ghouch]; Writing—original draft preparation: [Marwa H. El Makdah]; Writing—review and editing: [R. Awad, Mohammad H. El-Dakdouki, M. Matar]; Validation: [R. Awad, Marwa H. El Makdah, M. Matar]; Supervision: [R. Awad, Mohammad H. El-Dakdouki].

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Correspondence to Marwa H. El Makdah.

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El Makdah, M.H., El Ghouch, N., El-Dakdouki, M.H. et al. Structural, electrical and mechanical properties of the (NdFeO3)x/(CuTl)-1223 superconductor phase. Appl. Phys. A 129, 265 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-023-06547-8

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