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Muskelaktivität: Prägung des ZNS und endokrine Funktion

Somatische oder degenerativ-nozizeptive Körperstruktur

Muscle activity: structuring the CNS and endocrine function

Somatic or degenerative-nociceptive body structure

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Zusammenfassung

Nur die aktiven Muskeln sind Quelle bewegungsspezifischer myofaszialer Afferenzen und von Signalstoffen, den Myokinen. Die Afferenzen bedingen die Adaptationen des Gehirns (Repräsentationen), die Myokine die des Energie- und Intermediärstoffwechsels und die Kommunikation besonders mit dem viszeralen Fett. Im ZNS sorgen Lern-, Ausdauer- und Krafttraining für hochspezifische Anpassungen. Die Hirnstrukturen der Sensomotorik sind mit denen des Schmerzes deckungsgleich oder eng verknüpft und Ursprung der endogenen Schmerzhemmsysteme. Bewegung und Schmerzhemmung gehören zusammen. Muskelaktivität strukturiert den Körper „somatisch, antientzündlich, antinozizeptiv“, koordiniert die Antischmerzsysteme und ist damit Regulator des gesundheitlichen Status des Organismus. Muskelinaktivität verschiebt die Bilanz zugunsten der Signalsstoffe des viszeralen Fetts. Es entsteht eine chronische systemische Low-grade-Entzündung. Sie verantwortet die „diseasome of physical inactivity“, die häufig mit chronischen Schmerzsyndromen verknüpft sind. Inaktivität führt zu einer „atrophisch-degenerativ-entzündlich-nozizeptiven“ Körperstruktur. Unterstützt wird diese durch die chronische metabolische Azidose des Alterungsprozesses. Das nozizeptive Afferenzmuster ist chronischer Stress für die Neuronennetzwerke. Diese unterliegen atrophischen und neurodegenerativen Veränderungen. Es entsteht eine „nozizeptive“ ZNS-Struktur, deren Ausgangspunkt die sensomotorische und damit muskuläre Inaktivität ist. Therapeutisch muss die Muskulatur wieder als Signalstoffproduzent und Informationsquelle aktiviert werden. Sie ist der Schlüssel zur „somatisch-antinozizeptiven“ Körperstruktur.

Abstract

The contracting musculature is the only source of movement-specific afferents and signal substances, the myokines. The afferents determine the adaptations of the brain (cortical representations) and the myokines the metabolic functions of the muscle fibers and the communication especially with the visceral fat. By sensomotoric learning, endurance and strength training the central nervous system (CNS) is structured highly specifically. All CNS structures for the sensomotoric functions are identical or closely connected with those of nociception or are the origin of the endogenetic inhibitory pain systems. Movement and pain inhibition belong together. Contractile muscle activity restructures a somatic-anti-inflammatory-antinociceptive body, coordinates the inhibitory pain systems and regulates the health status of the organism. Muscle inactivity changes the balance of the signal substances in support of those of visceral fat. The result is a chronic systemic low-grade inflammation as the source of the diseasome of physical inactivity frequently connected with chronic pain syndromes. Muscle inactivity leads to an atrophic-degenerative-inflammatory-nociceptive body structure. The nociceptive afferent pattern is chronic stress for the neuronal networks and produces atrophy and neurodegeneration and as a consequence of muscle inactivity a nociceptive peripheral and CNS structure develops. From a therapeutic point of view, the musculature as a producer of signal substances and source of afferent neuronal information must be activated. The muscle activity is the key for the somatic-antinociceptive body structure.

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Laube, W. Muskelaktivität: Prägung des ZNS und endokrine Funktion. Manuelle Medizin 51, 141–150 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00337-012-0989-1

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