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T1-mapping for assessment of ischemia-induced acute kidney injury and prediction of chronic kidney disease in mice

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Abstract

Objectives

To investigate whether T1-mapping allows assessment of acute kidney injury (AKI) and prediction of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in mice.

Methods

AKI was induced in C57Bl/6N mice by clamping of the right renal pedicle for 35 min (moderate AKI, n = 26) or 45 min (severe AKI, n = 23). Sham animals served as controls (n = 9). Renal histology was assessed in the acute (day 1 + day 7; d1 + d7) and chronic phase (d28) after AKI. Furthermore, longitudinal MRI-examinations (prior to until d28 after surgery) were performed using a 7-Tesla magnet. T1-maps were calculated from a fat-saturated echoplanar inversion recovery sequence, and mean and relative T1-relaxation times were determined.

Results

Renal histology showed severe tubular injury at d1 + d7 in both AKI groups, whereas, at d28, only animals with prolonged 45-min ischemia showed persistent signs of AKI. Following both AKI severities T1-values significantly increased and peaked at d7. T1-times in the contralateral kidney without AKI remained stable. At d7 relative T1-values in the outer stripe of the outer medulla were significantly higher after severe than after moderate AKI (138 ± 2 % vs. 121 ± 3 %, p = 0.001). T1-elevation persisted until d28 only after severe AKI. Already at d7 T1 in the outer stripe of the outer medulla correlated with kidney volume loss indicating CKD (r = 0.83).

Conclusion

T1-mapping non-invasively detects AKI severity in mice and predicts further outcome.

Key Points

• Renal T1-relaxation times are increased after ischemia-induced acute kidney injury.

• Renal T1-values correlate with subsequent kidney volume loss.

• T1-mapping detects the severity of acute kidney injury and predicts further outcome.

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Abbreviations

AKI:

acute kidney injury

CKD:

chronic kidney disease

IRI:

ischemia reperfusion injury

ISOM:

inner stripe of the outer renal medulla

MRI:

magnetic resonance imaging

OSOM:

outer stripe of the outer renal medulla

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Acknowledgements

The scientific guarantor of this publication is Prof. Dr. Faikah Gueler. The authors of this manuscript declare no relationships with any companies, whose products or services may be related to the subject matter of the article. This study has received funding by REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence of Hannover Medical School (Germany). No complex statistical methods were necessary for this paper. Institutional Review Board approval was not required because it was an experimental study without the use of human data. Approval from the institutional animal care committee was obtained. Some study subjects or cohorts have been previously reported in: Hueper K, Rong S, Gutberlet M, et al. (2013) T2 relaxation time and apparent diffusion coefficient for noninvasive assessment of renal pathology after acute kidney injury in mice: comparison with histopathology. Invest Radiol, 48(12):834-842.

Hueper K, Gutberlet M, Rong S, et al. (2014) Acute Kidney Injury: Arterial Spin Labeling to Monitor Renal Perfusion Impairment in Mice--Comparison with Histopathologic Results and Renal Function. Radiology, 270(1):117-124

Methodology: prospective, experimental, performed at one institution.

Katja Hueper and Matti Peperhove contributed equally as first authors.

Dagmar Hartung and Faikah Gueler contributed equally as last authors.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Radiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str.1, 30625, Hannover, Germany

    Katja Hueper, Matti Peperhove, Marcel Gutberlet, Susanne Tewes, Amelie Barrmeyer, Frank Wacker & Dagmar Hartung

  2. REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany

    Katja Hueper, Martin Meier, Marcel Gutberlet, Frank Wacker & Dagmar Hartung

  3. Department of Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany

    Song Rong, Jessica Gerstenberg, Rongjun Chen, Herman Haller & Faikah Gueler

  4. Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, China

    Song Rong

  5. Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada

    Michael Mengel

  6. Institute for Animal Science, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany

    Martin Meier

  7. The Kidney Disease Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China

    Rongjun Chen

Authors
  1. Katja Hueper
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  2. Matti Peperhove
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  3. Song Rong
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  4. Jessica Gerstenberg
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  5. Michael Mengel
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  6. Martin Meier
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  7. Marcel Gutberlet
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  8. Susanne Tewes
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  9. Amelie Barrmeyer
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  10. Rongjun Chen
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  11. Herman Haller
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  12. Frank Wacker
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  13. Dagmar Hartung
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  14. Faikah Gueler
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Katja Hueper.

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Suppl. Fig. 1

Examples of inversion recovery EPI-images at different inversion times Shown are inversion recovery EPI-images at different inversion times (TI = 30, 700, 1200, 1500, 8000 ms). In the upper row EPI-images at baseline (d0) and in the lower row images of the same kidney at d7 after severe AKI are shown. (JPEG 1129 kb)

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Hueper, K., Peperhove, M., Rong, S. et al. T1-mapping for assessment of ischemia-induced acute kidney injury and prediction of chronic kidney disease in mice. Eur Radiol 24, 2252–2260 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-014-3250-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-014-3250-6

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