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Plants and global warming: challenges and strategies for a warming world

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Abstract

Key Message

In this review, we made an attempt to create a holistic picture of plant response to a rising temperature environment and its impact by covering all aspects from temperature perception to thermotolerance. This comprehensive account describing the molecular mechanisms orchestrating these responses and potential mitigation strategies will be helpful for understanding the impact of global warming on plant life.

Abstract

Organisms need to constantly recalibrate development and physiology in response to changes in their environment. Climate change-associated global warming is amplifying the intensity and periodicity of these changes. Being sessile, plants are particularly vulnerable to variations happening around them. These changes can cause structural, metabolomic, and physiological perturbations, leading to alterations in the growth program and in extreme cases, plant death. In general, plants have a remarkable ability to respond to these challenges, supported by an elaborate mechanism to sense and respond to external changes. Once perceived, plants integrate these signals into the growth program so that their development and physiology can be modulated befittingly. This multifaceted signaling network, which helps plants to establish acclimation and survival responses enabled their extensive geographical distribution. Temperature is one of the key environmental variables that affect all aspects of plant life. Over the years, our knowledge of how plants perceive temperature and how they respond to heat stress has improved significantly. However, a comprehensive mechanistic understanding of the process still largely elusive. This review explores how an increase in the global surface temperature detrimentally affects plant survival and productivity and discusses current understanding of plant responses to high temperature (HT) and underlying mechanisms. We also highlighted potential resilience attributes that can be utilized to mitigate the impact of global warming.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to acknowledge the reviewers and the editor for their contribution in improving this manuscript.

Funding

This work was supported by the Ramalingaswami fellowship program, Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Government of India to JS. PS is supported by a PhD fellowship from University grants commission (UGC), Government of India.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Berhampur (IISER Berhampur), Engineering School Road, Berhampur, 760010, Odisha, India

    Pratyay Seth & Jose Sebastian

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  1. Pratyay Seth
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  2. Jose Sebastian
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JS wrote the manuscript with inputs from PS. PS prepared the figures.

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Correspondence to Jose Sebastian.

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Communicated by Wusheng Liu.

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Seth, P., Sebastian, J. Plants and global warming: challenges and strategies for a warming world. Plant Cell Rep 43, 27 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-023-03083-w

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