Abstract
Somaclonal variation is a common phenomenon associated with plant tissue culture. Microsatellites or simple sequence repeats (SSRs) are ubiquitous components of eukaryotic genomes, and are intrinsically unstable under various stress conditions including tissue culture. Here, we assessed genetic stability of a set of 29 mapped SSR loci in calli and regenerated plants derived from a pair of reciprocal sorghum inter-strain F1 hybrids and their pure line parents. We further measured the steady-state transcripts of a set of nine mismatch repair (MMR)-encoding genes and a DEMETER (DME), a DNA glycosylase domain protein-encoding gene in these lines, and tested for a possible relationship between altered expression of a given MMR or DME gene and the SSR variations. We found that SSR variations occurred in calli and regenerated plants of both the studied pure lines though at sharply different frequencies (20.7 vs. 6.9%), but no variation was detected in calli and regenerated plants of the pair of F1 hybrids. Compared with the donor seed plants, markedly altered expression of all nine studied MMR genes and the DME gene was observed in calli, and more conspicuously, in the regenerated plants. However, only one gene, i.e., MLH3, showed an altered expression pattern that is genotype specific and significantly correlated with the occurrence of SSR instability.
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Acknowledgments
This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30870178, 30870198), and the Program for Introducing Talents to University (111 project #B07017). We are grateful to Professor Diter von Wettstein of the Washington State University for his interest in this study and constructive suggestions to improve the manuscript.
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Communicated by P. Kumar.
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Zhang, M., Wang, H., Dong, Z. et al. Tissue culture-induced variation at simple sequence repeats in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) is genotype-dependent and associated with down-regulated expression of a mismatch repair gene, MLH3. Plant Cell Rep 29, 51–59 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-009-0797-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-009-0797-9