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Role of Hyperbaric Oxygen in Filler-Induced Vascular Occlusion

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  • Non-Surgical Procedures
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Abstract

Introduction

The rising incidence of filler-induced vascular complications in the context of aesthetic procedures necessitates a thorough assessment of therapeutic options. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) has emerged as a potential intervention for filler-induced vascular occlusion (FIVO), although optimal dosing and timing remain undefined.

Methods

This review explores the pathophysiology of FIVO and elucidates HBOT's multifaceted role in salvaging ischemic tissue. The physical and biochemical mechanisms of HBOT, including its vasodilatory, anti-spasmodic, and anti-inflammatory effects, are examined.

Results

HBOT serves as an adjunctive therapy in FIVO management, emphasizing timely intervention, adherence to specific pressures (two atmosphere absolute), and session durations (60 minutes) to optimize efficacy and minimize complications. While existing HBOT protocols for compromised grafts provide insights, standardized guidelines for FIVO are lacking.

Conclusion

HBOT enhances tissue oxygenation, modulates reactive oxygen species, and influences angiogenesis and hypoxia response. However, it does not replace key treatment protocols for filler vascular complications. Further research and standardized protocols are warranted to define HBOT's definitive role in mitigating filler-induced vascular complications.

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Funding

None of the authors received any funding or financial support for the content of this article.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Critical Care Unit, Provincial Hospital of Castellon, Castellón de la Plana, Spain

    Javier Madero

  2. Hyperbaric Therapy Unit, General Hospital of Castellon, Castellón de la Plana, Spain

    Manolo Salvador

  3. Practice for Aesthetic Dermatology, ReSculpt Clinic, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    Jonathan Kadouch

  4. Department of Facial Plastic and Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Fakih Hospital, Main Street Khaizaran, Saida, Lebanon

    Cristina Muñoz-Gonzalez & Nabil Fakih-Gomez

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  1. Javier Madero
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  2. Manolo Salvador
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  3. Jonathan Kadouch
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Correspondence to Nabil Fakih-Gomez.

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The authors N.F. and J.K. are both consultants for Merz Aesthetics (Frankfurt, Germany).

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Madero, J., Salvador, M., Kadouch, J. et al. Role of Hyperbaric Oxygen in Filler-Induced Vascular Occlusion. Aesth Plast Surg (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00266-024-03920-7

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