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Cellulase−Hemicellulase Activities and Bacterial Community Composition of Different Soils from Algerian Ecosystems

  • Soil Microbiology
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Abstract

Soil microorganisms are important mediators of carbon cycling in nature. Although cellulose- and hemicellulose-degrading bacteria have been isolated from Algerian ecosystems, the information on the composition of soil bacterial communities and thus the potential of their members to decompose plant residues is still limited. The objective of the present study was to describe and compare the bacterial community composition in Algerian soils (crop, forest, garden, and desert) and the activity of cellulose- and hemicellulose-degrading enzymes. Bacterial communities were characterized by high-throughput 16S amplicon sequencing followed by the in silico prediction of their functional potential. The highest lignocellulolytic activity was recorded in forest and garden soils whereas activities in the agricultural and desert soils were typically low. The bacterial phyla Proteobacteria (in particular classes α–proteobacteria, δ–proteobacteria, and γ–proteobacteria), Firmicutes, and Actinobacteria dominated in all soils. Forest and garden soils exhibited higher diversity than agricultural and desert soils. Endocellulase activity was elevated in forest and garden soils. In silico analysis predicted higher share of genes assigned to general metabolism in forest and garden soils compared with agricultural and arid soils, particularly in carbohydrate metabolism. The highest potential of lignocellulose decomposition was predicted for forest soils, which is in agreement with the highest activity of corresponding enzymes.

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Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support by the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research (Algeria) and the General Direction for Scientific Research and Technological Development (Algeria). This work was also supported by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic (LM2015055). R.G. Beiko acknowledges the support of the Canada Research Chairs program. M.A. Jorquera acknowledges the project Fondecyt no. 1160302.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratoire de Microbiologie Appliquée (LMA), Département de Microbiologie, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, 06000, Bejaia, Algérie

    Aicha Asma Houfani, Nawel Boucherba & Said Benallaoua

  2. Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology of the CAS, Vídeňská 1083, 14220, Praha 4, Czech Republic

    Aicha Asma Houfani, Tomáš Větrovský, Martina Štursová, Vojtěch Tláskal & Petr Baldrian

  3. Laboratorio de Ecología Microbiana Aplicada, Departmento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de La Frontera, Ave. Franciosco Salazar, 01145, Temuco, Chile

    Oscar U. Navarrete & Milko A. Jorquera

  4. Scientific and Biotechnological Bioresource Nucleus, Universidad de La Frontera, Ave. Franciosco Salazar, 01145, Temuco, Chile

    Oscar U. Navarrete & Milko A. Jorquera

  5. Faculty of Computer Science, Dalhousie University, 6050 University Avenue, Halifax, NS, B3H 4R2, Canada

    Robert G. Beiko

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  9. Said Benallaoua
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  10. Milko A. Jorquera
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Correspondence to Milko A. Jorquera.

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Houfani, A.A., Větrovský, T., Navarrete, O.U. et al. Cellulase−Hemicellulase Activities and Bacterial Community Composition of Different Soils from Algerian Ecosystems. Microb Ecol 77, 713–725 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-018-1251-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-018-1251-8

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