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The protective effects of the traditional Chinese herbs against renal damage induced by extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy: a clinical study

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Abstract

Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL)-induced renal damage can occur as a result of multiple mechanisms. We have reported previously that Astragalus membranaceus, Salvia miltiorrhiza, a decoction of six drugs containing rhizoma Rehmanniae preparata and supplements of a few traditional Chinese medicinal herbs for invigorating the kidney and excreting calculus, have a protective effect on renal injury induced by high-energy shock waves (HESW) in rabbits. In this clinical study we further investigate the protective effects of these traditional Chinese herbs against renal damage induced by ESWL. Sixty consenting patients with renal calculus who underwent ESWL treatment were included and randomly assigned to the medication group or control group. Post-ESWL plasma nitric oxide (NO), endothelin-1 (ET-1), malondialdehyde (MDA), and serum tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) increased significantly in the controls (P < 0.05), while in the medication group, slightly but not significantly elevated levels of plasma ET-1, NO, and serum TNF-α were found. The difference between the groups was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) decreased gradually in the controls, reaching a trough 72 h after ESWL (P < 0.05), while in the treated group it was unchanged, and remained at a level higher versus the controls (P < 0.05). Plasma NO peaked twice by 72 h and at 1 week in the controls (P < 0.05). Urinary enzymes and β2-microglobulin increased significantly and peaked by 24 h and immediately after ESWL (P < 0.05). These values were greater in the controls, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). This study demonstrates that the preparations of traditional Chinese medicines for invigorating the kidney and excreting calculus can reduce renal tubular damage induced by ESWL, and can shorten the recovery time of renal tubules in human subjects.

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Acknowledgments

We are grateful to Professors Zheng Qinglian and Fan Xinghua for technical assistance. This study was supported by a Grant-in-aid for the Sci-technical Development Project Foundation of Shaanxi Province, China (No. 2001K11-G7).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Geriatric Surgery, The Afflicted First Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710061, Shaanxi, China

    Binwu Sheng

  2. Institute of Urology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710061, Shaanxi, China

    Dalin He, Jun Zhao, Xingfa Chen & Xunyi Nan

  3. Department of Urology, The Afflicted Hospital, School of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266011, Shandong, China

    Jun Zhao

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  1. Binwu Sheng
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Correspondence to Dalin He.

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Sheng, B., He, D., Zhao, J. et al. The protective effects of the traditional Chinese herbs against renal damage induced by extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy: a clinical study. Urol Res 39, 89–97 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00240-010-0286-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00240-010-0286-1

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