Abstract
Whitespotted conger (Conger myriaster) is a commercially important species in East Asia; however, the fisheries stock has drastically declined in recent years. Environmental changes are assumed to have profound impacts on the growth of this species, yet the mechanisms that regulate growth remain poorly understood. Here, we used otolith measurements to establish a 9-year growth chronology for whitespotted conger in the Yellow Sea and evaluated the effects of environmental variables on inter-annual variability in growth. Linear mixed-effects models were used to explain growth variation with abiotic and biotic variables, including seasonal water temperature, prey availability, and population density, and to assess age-dependent responses in growth and the interactions between abiotic and biotic factors. The results indicated that the growth of whitespotted conger was positively correlated with seasonal water temperature (except autumn) and prey abundance per capita, and the contribution of sea water temperature was more important than prey availability to explain growth variation. The model detected significant negative interactions between spring sea temperature and prey availability, indicating a higher degree of temperature-dependent growth when prey availability was low. Our findings imply that the growth of whitespotted conger is less influenced by food availability. This study provided the first evidence for the joint effects of abiotic and biotic factors on the growth variation of whitespotted conger, and the information is key to understanding population dynamics, and will help shape the sustainable management of fisheries.
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The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
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Acknowledgements
We are grateful to the members of the Ecosystem Assessment and Evaluation Laboratory from the College of Fisheries in the Ocean University of China for the sample collections.
Funding
This work was supported by Supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2018YFD0900904, 2018YFD0900906).
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XM: conceptualization; methodology; software; formal analysis; investigation; data curation; writing—original draft. CZ: writing—review and editing, funding acquisition. BX: writing—review and editing. YJ: writing—review and editing. YX: writing—review and editing. YR: writing—reviewing and editing, supervision, project administration; funding acquisition.
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All fish captures and handling were conducted in accordance with the guidelines of concerned government ministries in China.
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Mu, X., Zhang, C., Xu, B. et al. Varying growth rates of a marine eel, the whitespotted conger (Conger myriaster), are explained by the interaction between seasonal temperature and prey availability. Mar Biol 169, 6 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-021-03976-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-021-03976-y