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Aptamer and bifunctional enzyme co-functionalized MOF-derived porous carbon for low-background electrochemical aptasensing

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Abstract

To improve the efficiency of aptasensors, a signal amplification strategy by coupling tyrosinase (Tyr)–triggered redox cycling with nanoscale porous carbon (NCZIF) has been proposed. The NCZIF was obtained by calcining ZIF-8 crystals in an inert atmosphere. It had high surface areas, great biocompatibility, and ease of functionalization, which was beneficial for immobilizing sufficient Tyr and aptamer covalently. When the target prostate-specific antigen (PSA) was present, the NCZIF functionalized with Tyr and an aptamer bound to the aptamer-modified Au electrode specifically through the sandwich structure. Then, Tyr acted to oxidize the electroinactive phenol, which led to low-background signal, in the substrate to electroactive catechol, and triggered the redox cycling under the action of NADH. The low detection limit of the proposed electrochemical aptasensor for PSA was 0.01 ng mL−1, and the wide detection range was from 0.01 to 50 ng mL−1. The use of ZIF-8 derived porous carbon and Tyr-triggered redox cycling system provided a promising solution for the development of simple, rapid, reliable, and low-background aptasensing methods, which had great potential in the field of disease diagnosis and biomedicine.

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Acknowledgements

The authors really appreciate the financial support from the Key Research and Development Project of Shandong Province (2019GGX102083), the Taishan Scholar Program of Shandong Province (No. ts201511027), and the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong (ZR2020MB060).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong Sino-Japanese Center for Collaborative Research of Carbon Nanomaterials, Instrumental Analysis Center of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, People’s Republic of China

    Hui Wan, Xiyue Cao, Min Liu, Feifei Zhang, Jianfei Xia & Zonghua Wang

  2. CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-based Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 189 Songling Rd, Qingdao, 266101, Shandong, China

    Chao Sun

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  1. Hui Wan
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  2. Xiyue Cao
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  3. Min Liu
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  4. Feifei Zhang
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  5. Chao Sun
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Correspondence to Chao Sun or Jianfei Xia.

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The authors declare no competing interests.

The human serum samples used in this work were obtained from the hospital (The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China). And the ethics committee of the hospital approved the study.

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Wan, H., Cao, X., Liu, M. et al. Aptamer and bifunctional enzyme co-functionalized MOF-derived porous carbon for low-background electrochemical aptasensing. Anal Bioanal Chem 413, 6303–6312 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-021-03585-0

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