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Simultaneous dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction derivatisation and gas chromatography mass spectrometry analysis of subcritical water extracts of sweet and sour cherry stems

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Abstract

Cherry stems have been used in traditional medicine mostly for the treatment of urinary tract infections. Extraction with subcritical water, according to its selectivity, efficiency and other aspects, differs substantially from conventional extraction techniques. The complexity of plant subcritical water extracts is due to the ability of subcritical water to extract different chemical classes of different physico-chemical properties and polarities in a single run. In this paper, dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) with simultaneous derivatisation was optimised for the analysis of complex subcritical water extracts of cherry stems to allow simple and rapid preparation prior to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). After defining optimal extracting and dispersive solvents, the optimised method was used for the identification of compounds belonging to different chemical classes in a single analytical run. The developed sample preparation protocol enabled simultaneous extraction and derivatisation, as well as convenient coupling with GC-MS analysis, reducing the analysis time and number of steps. The applied analytical protocol allowed simple and rapid chemical screening of subcritical water extracts and was used for the comparison of subcritical water extracts of sweet and sour cherry stems.

DLLME GC MS analysis of cherry stem extracts obtained by subcritical water

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Funding

The authors are grateful to the Serbian Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development and Provincial Secretariat for Science and Technological Development. Financial support from the ‘Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad’ (Spanish Government) through the grant CTQ2013-47461-R is also gratefully acknowledged. R. Suárez thanks the Conselleria d’Educació, Cultura i Universitats from the Government of the Balearic Islands for a PhD stipend co-financed by Fondo Social Europeo (FPI/1444/2012). S. Clavijo acknowledges the Torres Quevedo Program of the MINECO co-financed with European Funds for the financial support through the PTQ-2015-08038.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Technology, Department for Applied and Engineering Chemistry, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, 21 000, Novi Sad, Serbia

    Jaroslava Švarc-Gajić & Aleksandra Cvetanović

  2. Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Environmental Analytical Chemistry-LQA2, University of Balearic Islands, Cra. Valldemosa km 7.5, 07122, Palma de Mallorca, Spain

    Sabrina Clavijo, Ruth Suárez & Víctor Cerdà

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  1. Jaroslava Švarc-Gajić
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  2. Sabrina Clavijo
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  4. Aleksandra Cvetanović
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  5. Víctor Cerdà
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Correspondence to Jaroslava Švarc-Gajić.

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Švarc-Gajić, J., Clavijo, S., Suárez, R. et al. Simultaneous dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction derivatisation and gas chromatography mass spectrometry analysis of subcritical water extracts of sweet and sour cherry stems. Anal Bioanal Chem 410, 1943–1953 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-018-0858-4

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