Abstract
The Beauveria spp. were isolated from soil and insect cadavers and confirmed as Beauveria bassiana by molecular identification using a specific primer. The bioefficacy of 14 B. bassiana against whiteflies indicated the highest percent mortality in JAU2, followed by JAU1. The LC50 and LC90 values were found to be 0.043 × 105 and 0.05 × 1014 conidia.ml−1, respectively, in JAU2. Extracellular metabolites of B.bassiana are derived and used for the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The synthesized green AgNPs were characterized for size (24.8 nm), shape (scanning electron microscopy), stability (200 mV zeta), and purity (energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, 3 keV). A total of 63 extracellular metabolites were identified using LC–MS/QTOF in potent JAU2 with recognition of alcohols, phenols, carboxylic acids, amines, alkynes, and amides as functional groups. The functional groups of green AgNPs were also confirmed in Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) with the specific spectra in the electromagnetic spectrum. The relationship between identified metabolites of antagonist and the FTIR spectrum of the functional group indicated the involvement of extracellular novel compounds, viz., homoisocitrate, aconitine, phodexin A, capillone, solanocapsine, and anethole in the synthesis of green AgNPs. The efficacy of green AgNPs on whiteflies suggested that corrected percent mortality was observed at 60 µg Ag.ml−1 at 120 h, which corresponds to the LC50 value (66.42 µg Ag.ml−1). Results were interpreted to show that green AgNPs synthesized from extracellular metabolites of B.bassiana JAU2 gave better insecticidal activity at LC50 as compared to live antagonist JAU2.
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The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
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RVB carried out the experiment, microbial work, biochemical and nanotechnological characterizations, and working out the results; HPG was responsible for the interpretation of data, writing of the manuscript, and liable for the idea and coordination of the experiment. DGH and DDS are responsible for helping in microbial, biochemical, and LCMS–QTOF analysis. SAA assists the synthesis and characterizations of green silver nanoparticles. All authors have contributed critically to the drafts and gave the final approval for publication.
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Bhadani, R.V., Gajera, H.P., Hirpara, D.G. et al. Biosynthesis and characterization of extracellular metabolites-based nanoparticles to control the whitefly. Arch Microbiol 204, 311 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-022-02917-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-022-02917-7