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Cyclic siloxane biosurfactant-producing Bacillus cereus BS14 biocontrols charcoal rot pathogen Macrophomina phaseolina and induces growth promotion in Vigna mungo L.

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Abstract

Rhizobacteria are vital component of soil–plant interfaces which helps in plant growth responses and disease management. Precisely, the role of biosurfactant production by rhizobacteria in biocontrol mechanisms is underscored. The current study explores the destructive effect of a biosurfactant-producing bacterium Bacillus cereus BS14 on fungal growth under in vitro experiments and showed in vivo reduction of disease severity in pulse crop Vigna mungo. In this study, B. cereus BS14 was observed as plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium (PGPR) based on abilities of production of phytohormone and HCN, phosphate solubilization and biocontrol of Macrophomina phaseolina. The purified biosurfactant from BS14 inhibited the fungal growth by arresting radially growing mycelia. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) study revealed deformities at cellular level in the mycelia of M. phaseolina. The biosurfactant of Bacillus BS14 was identified as cyclic siloxane in GC–MS spectroscopy and FT-IR spectroscopy analyses. In the pot trial studies, B. cereus BS14 proved its efficiency for the growth promotion of Vigna mungo and significantly reduced disease severity index. The present study concludes that biosurfactant of rhizobacterial origin and rhizobacteria can serve for biological control, improvement in crop production and agricultural sustainability. In future, it can be developed as biological control and biofertilizer formulations for legume crops, and commercialized for routine farming practices.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to the Head, Department of Botany & Microbiology for providing laboratory facilities.

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  1. Shrivardhan Dheeman

    Present address: Laboratory of Rhizosphere Microbiology, Department of Microbiology, School of Life Science, Sardar Bhagwan Singh University, Dehradun, 248 161, Uttarakhand, India

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  1. Department of Botany and Microbiology, Gurukula Kangri (Deemed to be University), Haridwar, 249 404, Uttarakhand, India

    Sumit Kumar, Shrivardhan Dheeman, Ramesh C. Dubey, Dinesh K. Maheshwari & Nitin Baliyan

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  1. Sumit Kumar
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Contributions

SK designed and conceived the experiment under mentorship of RCD. SD assisted during the experiments and prepared manuscript. NB helped during manuscript writing. RCD and DKM read the manuscript for scientific correction and approved for communication. SD corrected and revised the manuscript up to publication stage.

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Correspondence to Shrivardhan Dheeman or Ramesh C. Dubey.

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Kumar, S., Dheeman, S., Dubey, R.C. et al. Cyclic siloxane biosurfactant-producing Bacillus cereus BS14 biocontrols charcoal rot pathogen Macrophomina phaseolina and induces growth promotion in Vigna mungo L.. Arch Microbiol 203, 5043–5054 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-021-02492-3

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