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ALDH2 polymorphisms and bone mineral density in an elderly Japanese population

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Abstract

Introduction

Osteoporosis is a multifactorial genetic disease which greatly increases the risk of bone fracture in elderly persons.

Methods

Four hundred and three recipients of a community health screening program were examined for the presence/absence of osteoporosis and 11 kinds of gene polymorphisms as a means of determining the relation between these gene polymorphisms and osteoporosis. The gene polymorphisms screened were: alcohol sensitivity-associated polymorphisms of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH2) Arg47His, aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH2) Glu487Lys, smoking sensitivity-associated polymorphisms of glutathione S transferase (GST) M1, (GST)T1, NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) C609T, inflammation-associated polymorphisms of interleukin-1β (IL-1B)T-31C, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) T-1031C, endothelial constitutive nitric oxide synthase (ecNOS) Glu298Asp, longevity-associated polymorphism of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) 5178 A/C, allergy-associated polymorphism of interleukin-4 (IL-4), and immunity-associated polymorphism of CD14.

Results

A significant association was found between the ALDH2Glu478Lys gene polymorphisms and osteoporosis. In the osteoporosis group of patients, a significant difference was noted between the Lys/Lys group and the group comprising Glu/Lys and Glu/Glu groups (namely, the genotypes including Glu alleles). In the Lys/Lys group, after age, sex, BMI, smoking history and alcohol consumption history had been adjusted for, the morbidity rate was significantly elevated [odds ratio (OR): 3.33; 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1.28–8.71; p=0.014], and the effect was even more evident in the sub-group of women with osteoporosis (OR: 4.31; 95% CI: 1.24–14.92; p=0.021).

Conclusions

The present results suggest that active prophylactic interventions such as dietary, exercise, and pharmacological therapies should be offered to non-carriers of the Glu allele (Lys/Lys).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-Cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 4668550, Aichi, Japan

    J. Yamaguchi, Y. Hasegawa, M. Kawasaki, T. Masui, T. Kanoh & N. Ishiguro

  2. Department of Preventive Medicine/Biostatistics and Medical Decision Making, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, 4668550, Aichi, Japan

    N. Hamajima

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  1. J. Yamaguchi
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  2. Y. Hasegawa
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  3. M. Kawasaki
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  4. T. Masui
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  5. T. Kanoh
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  6. N. Ishiguro
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  7. N. Hamajima
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Correspondence to J. Yamaguchi.

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Yamaguchi, J., Hasegawa, Y., Kawasaki, M. et al. ALDH2 polymorphisms and bone mineral density in an elderly Japanese population. Osteoporos Int 17, 908–913 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-006-0077-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-006-0077-2

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