Abstract
The possibility that nuclear matter at a density relevant to the interior of massive neutron stars may be a quarkynoic matter has attracted considerable recent interest. In this work, we construct a phenomenological model to describe the quarkyonic matter, that would allow quantitative calculations of its various properties within a well-defined field theoretical framework. This is implemented by synthesizing the Walecka model together with the quark-meson model, where both quark and nucleon degrees of freedom are present based on the quarkyonic scenario. With this model we compute at mean-field level the thermodynamic properties of the symmetric nuclear matter and calibrate model parameters through well-known nuclear physics measurements. We find this model gives a very good description of the symmetric nuclear matter from moderate to high baryon density and demonstrates a continuous transition from nucleon-dominance to quark-dominance for the system.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
D. Page and S. Reddy, Dense matter in compact stars: theoretical developments and observational constraints, Ann. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci. 56 (2006) 327 [astro-ph/0608360] [INSPIRE].
J.M. Lattimer and M. Prakash, The equation of state of hot, dense matter and neutron stars, Phys. Rept. 621 (2016) 127 [arXiv:1512.07820] [INSPIRE].
P. Braun-Munzinger, V. Koch, T. Schäfer and J. Stachel, Properties of hot and dense matter from relativistic heavy ion collisions, Phys. Rept. 621 (2016) 76 [arXiv:1510.00442] [INSPIRE].
A. Bzdak, S. Esumi, V. Koch, J. Liao, M. Stephanov and N. Xu, Mapping the phases of quantum chromodynamics with beam energy scan, Phys. Rept. 853 (2020) 1 [arXiv:1906.00936] [INSPIRE].
X. Luo and N. Xu, Search for the QCD critical point with fluctuations of conserved quantities in relativistic heavy-ion collisions at RHIC: an overview, Nucl. Sci. Tech. 28 (2017) 112 [arXiv:1701.02105] [INSPIRE].
M.G. Alford, K. Rajagopal and F. Wilczek, QCD at finite baryon density: nucleon droplets and color superconductivity, Phys. Lett. B 422 (1998) 247 [hep-ph/9711395] [INSPIRE].
R. Rapp, T. Schäfer, E.V. Shuryak and M. Velkovsky, Diquark bose condensates in high density matter and instantons, Phys. Rev. Lett. 81 (1998) 53 [hep-ph/9711396] [INSPIRE].
M.G. Alford, K. Rajagopal and F. Wilczek, Color flavor locking and chiral symmetry breaking in high density QCD, Nucl. Phys. B 537 (1999) 443 [hep-ph/9804403] [INSPIRE].
M.G. Alford, A. Schmitt, K. Rajagopal and T. Schäfer, Color superconductivity in dense quark matter, Rev. Mod. Phys. 80 (2008) 1455 [arXiv:0709.4635] [INSPIRE].
L. McLerran and R.D. Pisarski, Phases of cold, dense quarks at large Nc , Nucl. Phys. A 796 (2007) 83 [arXiv:0706.2191] [INSPIRE].
L. McLerran, K. Redlich and C. Sasaki, Quarkyonic matter and chiral symmetry breaking, Nucl. Phys. A 824 (2009) 86 [arXiv:0812.3585] [INSPIRE].
A. Andronic et al., Hadron production in ultra-relativistic nuclear collisions: quarkyonic matter and a triple point in the phase diagram of QCD, Nucl. Phys. A 837 (2010) 65 [arXiv:0911.4806] [INSPIRE].
T. Kojo, Y. Hidaka, L. McLerran and R.D. Pisarski, Quarkyonic chiral spirals, Nucl. Phys. A 843 (2010) 37 [arXiv:0912.3800] [INSPIRE].
G. Cao, L. He and X.-G. Huang, Quarksonic matter at high isospin density, Chin. Phys. C 41 (2017) 051001 [arXiv:1610.06438] [INSPIRE].
J. Steinheimer, S. Schramm and H. Stocker, The hadronic SU(3) parity doublet model for dense matter, its extension to quarks and the strange equation of state, Phys. Rev. C 84 (2011) 045208 [arXiv:1108.2596] [INSPIRE].
S. Lottini and G. Torrieri, Quarkyonic percolation and deconfinement at finite density and number of colors, Phys. Rev. C 88 (2013) 024912 [arXiv:1204.3272] [INSPIRE].
G. Torrieri, S. Vogel and B. Bäuchle, Photon signals from quarkyonic matter, Phys. Rev. Lett. 111 (2013) 012301 [arXiv:1302.1119] [INSPIRE].
L. McLerran and S. Reddy, Quarkyonic matter and neutron stars, Phys. Rev. Lett. 122 (2019) 122701 [arXiv:1811.12503] [INSPIRE].
K. Fukushima and T. Kojo, The quarkyonic star, Astrophys. J. 817 (2016) 180 [arXiv:1509.00356] [INSPIRE].
K.S. Jeong, L. McLerran and S. Sen, Dynamically generated momentum space shell structure of quarkyonic matter via an excluded volume model, Phys. Rev. C 101 (2020) 035201 [arXiv:1908.04799] [INSPIRE].
S. Sen and N.C. Warrington, Finite-temperature quarkyonic matter with an excluded volume model for nuclear interactions, arXiv:2002.11133 [INSPIRE].
D.C. Duarte, S. Hernandez-Ortiz and K.S. Jeong, Excluded-volume model for quarkyonic matter: three-flavor baryon-quark mixture, Phys. Rev. C 102 (2020) 025203 [arXiv:2003.02362] [INSPIRE].
T. Zhao and J.M. Lattimer, Quarkyonic matter equation of state in beta-equilibrium, Phys. Rev. D 102 (2020) 023021 [arXiv:2004.08293] [INSPIRE].
C.-J. Xia, S.-S. Xue and S.-G. Zhou, Nuclear matter, quarkyonic matter, and phase transitions in hybrid stars, JPS Conf. Proc. 20 (2018) 011010 [INSPIRE].
N. Kovensky and A. Schmitt, Holographic quarkyonic matter, JHEP 09 (2020) 112 [arXiv:2006.13739] [INSPIRE].
B.-J. Schaefer and J. Wambach, Susceptibilities near the QCD (tri) critical point, Phys. Rev. D 75 (2007) 085015 [hep-ph/0603256] [INSPIRE].
J.D. Walecka, A theory of highly condensed matter, Ann. Phys. 83 (1974) 491.
S.P. Klevansky, The Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model of quantum chromodynamics, Rev. Mod. Phys. 64 (1992) 649 [INSPIRE].
R. Hofstadter, Electron scattering and nuclear structure, Rev. Mod. Phys. 28 (1956) 214 [INSPIRE].
A.E.S. Green and D.F. Edwards, Discontinuities in the nuclear mass surface, Phys. Rev. 91 (1953) 46 [INSPIRE].
A.E.S. Green, Coulomb radius constant from nuclear masses, Phys. Rev. 95 (1954) 1006 [INSPIRE].
S. Shlomo, V.M. Kolomietz and G. Coló, Deducing the nuclear-matter incompressibility coefficient from data on isoscalar compression modes, Eur. Phys. J. A 30 (2006) 23.
G. Baym, T. Hatsuda, T. Kojo, P.D. Powell, Y. Song and T. Takatsuka, From hadrons to quarks in neutron stars: a review, Rept. Prog. Phys. 81 (2018) 056902 [arXiv:1707.04966] [INSPIRE].
M. Leonhardt et al., Symmetric nuclear matter from the strong interaction, Phys. Rev. Lett. 125 (2020) 142502 [arXiv:1907.05814] [INSPIRE].
P. Danielewicz, R. Lacey and W.G. Lynch, Determination of the equation of state of dense matter, Science 298 (2002) 1592 [nucl-th/0208016] [INSPIRE].
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher’s Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
ArXiv ePrint: 2007.02028
Rights and permissions
Open Access . This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-BY 4.0), which permits any use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited.
About this article
Cite this article
Cao, G., Liao, J. A field theoretical model for quarkyonic matter. J. High Energ. Phys. 2020, 168 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP10(2020)168
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP10(2020)168