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Soil conditions and root diseases

Part II.Fusarium udum disease of red gram [Cajanus cajan (Linn.) Millsp.]

  • Published:
Proceedings / Indian Academy of Sciences

Summary

  1. 1.

    A number of distinctly varyingFusarium strains were isolated during the course of the study, from wilt-sick soils (Coimbatore) and from infested host material (wilted plants from Coimbatore and the laboratory experimental plot). Comparative cultural studies with the type cultureF. udum and the isolates revealed that the Coimbatore strains were more closely allied to the identified strain.

  2. 2.

    Pathogenicity tests withF. udum and isolates indicated that Strain I (F. udum) and Strains II and III were more virulent than the other strains. Pre-emergence wilt was mainly caused by Strains V and VI.

  3. 3.

    A greater protection to seedling emergence in wilt-infested soils was obtained by the addition of micro-nutrient solutions of boron, manganese and zinc (especially at levels of 20, 40 and 80 p.p.m.). This beneficial effect was further seen in the increase of plant vigour, early flowering and production of better type of seeds with higher germination capacity. The pre-soaking of seeds in various concentrations of the micro-elements also induced early germination and better seedling vigour.

  4. 4.

    The colonization of Fusaria on host stubble was temporarily retarded by the addition of the micro-nutrient solutions, especially in the presence of zinc.

  5. 5.

    The survival and persistence ofF. udum was conditioned by the presence of micro-nutrient elements in the soil, zinc being responsible for the most rapid disappearance of the fungus.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. University Botany Laboratory, Madras

    T. S. Sarojini

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  1. T. S. Sarojini
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Communicated by Prof. T. S. Sadasivan,f.a.sc.

Part of a thesis approved for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy of the University of Madras.

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Sarojini, T.S. Soil conditions and root diseases. Proc. Indian Acad. Sci. 33, 49–68 (1951). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03051509

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