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Light effects on the growth and morphogenesis of potato(Solanum tuberosum) in vitro: A review

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Abstract

Growth, morphogenesis, and tuberization of potato tissuesin vitro are affected by light. Measurements of the various aspects of light that control development and growth of potato are outlined. Physical parameters like light sources, delivery of the light source, and the degradation of culture media by light are discussed. Irradiance, photoautotrophic growthin vitro, spectral wavelength, and photoperiod modify the responses of potato tissues in culture. Acclimatization of tissue culture plantlets, vegetative growth, and the production, quality, and dormancy of microtubers are modified by light. New light sources such as light-emitting diode (LED) lamps are becoming available forin vitro research and for micropropagation of potato. Pulsed or chopper light has the potential to save energy costs. Light effects on potato protoplasts, anther culture, virus eradication, andin vitro conservation are discussed. Potential new research areas are the effect of the spectral quality of light on regeneration of shoots and somatic embryosin vitro, end-of-day red and far-red light treatments, axillary shoot formation in cultured plantlets, and the use of LEDs. The influence of monochromatic spectral filters on growth and development of potatoes in tissue culture could potentially lead to improvements in productivity. The relationship between daily quantum light integral and photoperiod and their effects on growth and morphogenesis of the potato will provide some useful areas of research.

Resumen

Los procesos de crecimiento, morfogénesis y tuberización de los tejidos de papain vitro son afectados por la luz. Mediciones de los varios aspectos de la luz que controlan el crecimiento y desarrollo de la papa son delineadas. Parámetros físicos tales como la fuente de luz, difusión y su efecto en la degradación del medio de cultivo son discutidos. La irradiación, el crecimiento foto-autotróficoin vitro, la longitud de onda espectral y el foto período modifican las respuestas de los tejidos de la papa en cultivo. La aclimatación de las plántulas de cultivo de tejidos, crecimiento vegetativo y producción, calidad y dormancia de los microtubérculos son modificadas por la luz. Nuevas fuentes de luz como aquella emitida por las lámparas de diodo (LED) están siendo disponibles para la investigaciónin vitro y la micropropagación de la papa. La luz intermitente tiene el potencial de ahorrar los costos de energía. Los efectos de la luz sobre los protoplastos de papa, cultivo de anteras, erradicación de virus y conservaciónin vitro son discutidos. Nuevas áreas potenciales de investigación son, el efecto de la calidad espectral de la luz sobre la regeneración de los brotes y los embriones somáticosin vitro, tratamientos con luz roja del final del día y del lado lejano del espectro infrarrojo, formación axilar de brotes en plántulas cultivadasin vitro y el uso de LEDs. La influencia de los filtros espectrales monocromáticos sobre el crecimiento y desarrollo de plántulas de papa en cultivo de tejidos podría potencialmente conducir a un mejoramiento en la productividad. La relación entre la cantidad diaria de luz integral y foto período y sus efectos sobre el crecimiento y morfogénesis de la papa proporcionarán algunas áreas útiles de investigación.

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Abbreviations

CO2 :

carbon dioxide

B:

blue

DOF:

diffusive optical fibres

DLI:

daily light integral

DQLI:

daily quantum light integral

FR:

far red

IAA:

indole acetic acid

LEDs:

light-emitting diodes

PAR:

photosynthetically active radiation

PPF:

photosynthetic photon flux

PPFD:

photosynthetic photon flux density

R:

red

UV:

ultraviolet

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  1. Potato Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, P.O. Box 20280, E3B 4Z7, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada

    Janet E. A. Seabrook

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Seabrook, J.E.A. Light effects on the growth and morphogenesis of potato(Solanum tuberosum) in vitro: A review. Am. J. Pot Res 82, 353–367 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02871966

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