Abstract
In vitro potato plantlets of cultivar (cv.) Shepody (Solatium tuberosum L.) were exposed to 12-or 16-hr photoperiods for 8 weeks. Plantlets were acclimatized to the greenhouse and grown under 14-hr photoperiods until they senesced, and minitubers were harvested. Greenhouse-grown potato plants developed from tissue-culture plantlets exposed to a 16-hr photoperiod were taller and had more nodes than plants developed from plantlets exposed to 12-hr photoperiods. However, yield data of minitubers from greenhousegrown plants indicated that the 12-hr photoperiodic treatment increased the numbers, dry weight and specific gravity of minitubers. A further advantage of the 12-hr photoperiodic treatment was the greater numbers of minitubers in the 15–40 g size class compared with tubers in the <15 g and >40 g size classes. Thus, for the cv. Shepody, plant height and node number of greenhouse-grown plants were not good indicators of minituber yield from that crop. Seed potato nuclear stock facilities producing minitubers should investigate the possibility of optimizing minituber production by exposing multiplication cultures to shorter daylengths.
Compendio
Plantitas in vitro de papa del cultivar (cv.) Shepody (Solatium tuberosum L.) fueron expuestas a fotoperiodos de 12 o 16 hr, por ocho (8) semanas. Las Plantitas fueron aclimatadas al invernadero y crecieron bajo fotoperiodos de 14 hr hasta su senescencia, cosechándose sus tuberculillos. Las plantas que crecieron en el invernadero, desarrolladas de plantitas procedentes de cultivos de tejidos expuestos a fotoperiodos de 16 hr, fueron mas altas y tuvieron más nudos que las plantas desarrolladas de plantitas expuestas a fotoperiodos de 12 hr. Sin embargo, la información sobre el rendimiento en tuberculillos de las plantas que crecieron en el invernadero indicó que el tratamiento fotoperiódo de 12 hr incrementó el número, el peso seco y la gravedad específica de los tuberculillos. Una ventaja adicional del tratamiento fotoperiódico de 12 hr fue el mayor número de tuberculillos en la clase del tamaño de 15–40 g, en comparación con los tubérculos en la clase de los tamanos <15 y >40 g. Por lo tanto, para el cv. Shepody, la altura de planta y el número de nudos de las plantas mantenidas en invernadero no fueron buenos indicadores del rendimiento en tuberculillos de ese cultivo. Las instalaciones de existencias nucleares de semilla de papa produciendo tuberculillos deben investigar la posibilidad de optimizar la producción de tuberculillos exponiendo los cultivos de multiplicación a longitudes de día más cortas.
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Seabrook, J.E.A., Percy, J.E., Douglass, L.K. et al. Photoperiodin vitro affects subsequent yield of Greenhouse-grown potato tubers. American Potato Journal 72, 365–373 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02849333
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02849333