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Detailed assessment of partial thermodynamic quantities of tin in molten Bi-Sn alloys from electromotive force measurements

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Abstract

All the partial thermodynamic quantities, including the activity and activity coefficient of tin,a Sn and γSn, in the liquid Bi-Sn alloys between 300 °C and 500 °C are assessed in detail from electromotive force (emf) data. The emf values were obtained from a modified molten salt electrolyte concentration cell that had extraordinary stability within +0.005 mV. The composition dependence of γSn did not follow Darken’s quadratic formalism, nor did the alloy behave as a regular solution. The excess partial quantities, Δ¯H Sn ,Δ¯S xsSn , and Δ¯G xsSn , are oscillating across the composition, and the activity curve exhibits double, positive and negative, deviations from Raoult’s law. The aSn, γSn, and Δ¯G xsSn change from positive to negative departure from ideality in the tin-rich region beyond about xSn = 0.82. All those partial quantities and γ oSn , including the β° (the α function of tin) at infinite dilution, are determined accurately by means of Chiotti’s method.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Graduate Program of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Venezuelan Institute of Scientific Research (IVIC), Apartado 21827, 1020A, Caracas

    Seung-Am Cho (Research Scientist and Chairman, Professor)

  2. School of Metallurgical Engineering and Materials Science, Central University of Venezuela, Apartado 50361, 1050A, Caracas, Venezuela

    Seung-Am Cho (Research Scientist and Chairman, Professor)

  3. Conduven Company, Caracas, Venezuela

    Roberto Camisotti (Operating Engineer)

  4. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 02139, Cambridge, MA

    Mariano H. Vélez (Graduate Student)

Authors
  1. Seung-Am Cho
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  2. Roberto Camisotti
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  3. Mariano H. Vélez
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Additional information

ROBERTO CAMISOTTI, formerly Undergraduate Student, Central University of Venezuela.

Formerly Assistant Professor, Central University of Venezuela.

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Cho, SA., Camisotti, R. & Vélez, M.H. Detailed assessment of partial thermodynamic quantities of tin in molten Bi-Sn alloys from electromotive force measurements. Metall Trans B 21, 87–96 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02658119

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02658119

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