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Thein ovulo environment and its relevance to cloning wheat via somatic embryogenesis

  • Plant Cellular and Developmental Biology
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Summary

Induction of somatic embryogenesis refers to processes that initiate embryo-forming cellular activity. Competence of somatic tissues for embryo formation is measured by the number of somatic embryos produced following induction. Recent findings indicate that competence of wheat explants can be enhanced by treatments that alter hormone levels during differentiation of explantsin vivo. Wheat spikes have been detached at anthesis and cultured with culms in detached-spike-culture medium. The addition of abscisic acid, indole-3-acetic acid or zeatin to the medium depresses embryogenic competence of immature-embryo explants (excised and cultured 11–13 days after anthesis) while deleting hormones from the medium enhances competence. Differentiation of somatic embryos is improved by exposing embryogenic cultures to conditions that simulate nutritional, hormonal and gas-phase conditions of ovules. In particular the lowering of oxygen availability to callus cultures promotes growth of embryogenic callus and suppresses growth of nonembryogenic callus. Finally procedures that simulate seed desiccation significantly increase germination percentages of somatic embryos of wheat.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Plant Science Department, Utah State University, 84322, Logan, Utah

    John G. Carman

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Plant Editors note: Proceedings from a special symposium entitled “Synthetic Seeds” presented at the 39th annual meeting of the Tissue Culture Association, Las Vegas, Nevada on June 16, 1988. Associate Editor Keith Redenbaugh organized the symposium and handled reviews of the manuscripts.

Contribution of the Utah Agricultural Experiment Station, Utah State University, Logan UT, 84322-4845. Approved as journal paper no. 3649.

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Carman, J.G. Thein ovulo environment and its relevance to cloning wheat via somatic embryogenesis. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol 25, 1155–1162 (1989). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02621267

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