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Effect of overdrying of yellow-poplar veneer on physical properties and bonding

Einfluß der Übertrocknung von Furnieren aus Tulpenbaumholz auf physikalische Eigenschaften und Bindefestigkeit

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Abstract

The intent of this study was to follow the changes of various wood physical properties as the wood was overdried at high temperature and to determine if these changes correlated with the ability of the wood to bond with phenolic resins. Yellow-poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera L.) was dried from a water-soaked state at 170°C, 195°C, and 220°C for various lengths of time. Light reflectance, wettability, equilibrium moisture content (EMC), loss of wood substance, and compression shear bond strength were measured. Wettability was severely affected over time and was very quickly affected at high temperatures. The bulk properties, EMC and loss of wood substance, were slightly affected by drying for 224 min at 170°C but were more affected at the higher temperatures with time. The results for these bulk properties correlated well with light reflectance measurements regardless of temperature level. However, compression shear bond strength remained high and was unresponsive to either drying time or drying temperature. After these laboratory samples were analyzed, yellow-poplar plywood samples produced by an industrial manufacturer were tested for bond quality. One sample was composed of regularly dried veneer, and one sample was overdried.

Zusammenfassung

Veränderungen verschiedener physikalischer Eigenschaften bei der Hochtemperatur-Trocknung wurden verfolgt und mit der Bindefähigkeit des Holzes mit Phenolharzen korreliert. Holz von Tulpenbäumen (Liviodendron tulipifera L.) wurde ausgehend vom wassergesättigten Zustand bei 170, 195 und 220°C über verschiedene Zeitspannen getrocknet. Lichtreflektion, Benetzbarkeit, Gleichgewichtsfeuchte, Gewichtsverlust und Scherdruckfestigkeit wurden gemessen. Die Benetzbarkeit wurde stark beeinflußt, besonders rasch bei hohen Temperaturen. Die Haupteigenschaften, Gleichgewichtsfeuchte und Substanzverlust, erlitten nur geringe Veränderungen nach 224-minütiger Trocknung bei 170°C. Bei höheren Temperaturen war der Effekt stärker. Die Veränderungen korrelierten gut mit Ergebnissen der Lichtreflektions messungen, und zwar unabhängig von der Temperatur. Nur die Scherfestigkeit blieb unbeeinflußt von Temperatur und Dauer der Trocknung. Nach diesen Laborproben wurden auch die Bindefestigkeit von industriell geferfertigten Sperrholzproben geprüft. Verglichen wurden dabei normal getrocknete und übergetrocknete Proben.

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  1. Forest Products Laboratory, One Gifford Pinchot Drive, USDA Forest Service, 53705-2398, Madison, WI, USA

    A. W. Christiansen

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Christiansen, A.W. Effect of overdrying of yellow-poplar veneer on physical properties and bonding. Holz als Roh-und Werkstoff 52, 139–149 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02615210

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