Abstract
Cancer chemotherapy often fails because of the development of tumors which are resistant to most commonly used cytotoxic drugs. This phenomenon, multidrug resistance (MDR), is usually mediated by overexpression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), an ATPase that pumps out the drugs used in chemotherapy, thereby preventing their accumulation in cancer cells and greatly reducing their cytotoxic efficacy. A large body of work indicates that MDR is associated also with marked changes in membrane lipid composition. Most notably, elevated levels of cholesterol, glycosphingolipids (e.g., glucosylceramide), and sphingomyelin have been reported. These lipids are enriched in caveolae and in membrane microdomains termed detergent-insoluble glycosphingolipid-enriched complexes (DIGs). Recently we demonstrated that in multidrug-resistant tumor cells there is a dramatic increase in the number of caveolae and in the level of caveolin-1, an essential structural constituent of caveolae. Another constituent of membrane microdomains, phospholipase D, is also elevated in MDR cells. These findings may be related to the fact that a significant fraction of cellular P-gp is associated with caveolin-rich membrane domains. The possible role of DIGs and caveolae in the acquisition and/or maintenance of the multidrug resistant phenotype is discussed.
Similar content being viewed by others
Abbreviations
- ABC:
-
ATP-binding cassette
- DIGs:
-
detergent-insoluble glycosphingolipid-enriched complex
- GlcCer:
-
glucosylceramide
- MDR:
-
multidrug resistance
- P-gp:
-
P-glycoprotein
- PIP2 :
-
phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate
- PLD:
-
phospholipase D
- SCRL:
-
sphingolipid- and cholesterol-rich liposome
- SREBP:
-
sterol regulatory element-binding protein
References
Gottesman, M.M. (1993) How Cancer Cells Evade Chemotherapy,Cancer Res. 53, 747–754.
Kaye, S.B. (1995) Clinical Drug Resistance: The Role of Factors Other than P-glycoprotein,Am. J. Med. 99, 40S-44S.
Ford, J.M., and Hait, W.N. (1990) Pharmacology of Drugs That Alter Multidrug Resistance in Cancer,Pharmacol. Rev. 42, 155–199.
Breuer, W., Slotki, I.N., Ausiello, D.A., and Cabantchik, I.Z. (1993) Induction of Multidrug Resistance Downregulates the Expression of CFTR in Colon Epithelial Cells,Am. J. Physiol. 265, C1711-C1715.
Hansen, M.B., Nielsen, S.E., and Berg, K. (1989) Re-examination and Further Development of a Precise and Rapid Dye Method for Measuring Cell Growth/Cell Kill,J. Immunol. Meth. 119, 203–210.
Bosch, I., and Croop, J. (1996) P-glycoprotein Multidrug Resistance and Cancer,Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1288, F37-F54.
Borst, P. (1997) Introduction: Multidrug Resistant Proteins,Semin. Cancer Biol. 8, 131–134.
Deeley, R.G., and Cole, S.P.C. (1997) Function, Evolution and Structure of Multidrug Resistance Protein (MRP),Semin. Cancer Biol. 8, 193–204.
Montaudon, D., Vrignaud, P., Londos-Gagliardi, D., and Robert, J. (1986) Fluorescence Anisotropy of Cell Membranes of Doxorubicin-Sensitive and -Resistant Rodent Tumoral Cells,Cancer Res. 46, 5602–5605.
Tritton, T.R., and Yee, G. (1982) The Anticancer Agent Adriamycin Can Be Actively Cytotoxic Without Entering Cells,Nature 217, 248–250.
Leibovici, J., Klein, O., Wollman, Y., Donin, N., Mahlin, T., and Shinitzky, M. (1996) Cell Membrane Fluidity and Adriamycin Retention in a Tumor Progression Model of AKR Lymphoma,Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1281, 182–188.
Higgins, C.F., and Gottesman, M.M. (1992) Is the Multidrug Transporter a Flippase?Trends Biochem. Sci. 17, 18–21.
Higgins, C.F., Callaghan, R., Linton, K.J., Rosenberg, M.F., and Ford, R.C. (1997) Structure of the Multidrug Resistance P-glycoprotein,Semin. Cancer Biol. 8, 135–142.
Doige, C.A., Yu, X., and Sharom, F.J. (1993) The Effects of Lipids and Detergents on ATPase-Active P-glycoprotein,Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1146, 65–72.
Urbatsch, I.L., and Senior, A.E. (1995) Effects of Lipids on ATPase Activity of Purified Chinese Hamster P-glycoprotein,Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 316, 135–140.
Vrignaud, P., Montaudon, D., Londos-Gagliardi, D., and Robert, J. (1986) Fatty Acid Composition Transport and Metabolism in Doxorubicin-Sensitive and -Resistant Rat Glioblastoma Cells,Cancer Res. 46, 3258–3261.
Ramu, A., Glaubiger, D., and Weintraub, H. (1984) Differences in Lipid Composition of Doxorubicin-Sensitive and -Resistant P388 Cells,Cancer Treat. Rep. 68, 637–641.
Lavie, Y., Cao, H.-T., Bursten, S.L., Giuliano, A.E., and Cabot, M.C. (1996) Accumulation of Glucosylceramides in Multidrug-Resistant Cancer Cells,J. Biol. Chem. 271, 19530–19536.
May, G.L., Wright, L.C., Dyne, M., Mackinnon, W.B., Fox, R.M., and Mountford, C.E. (1988) Plasma Membrane Lipid Composition of Vinblastine Sensitive and Resistant Human Leukaemic Lymphoblasts,Int. J. Cancer 42, 728–733.
Hakomori, S.-I. (1993) Structure and Function of Sphingoglycolipids in Transmembrane Signalling and Cell-Cell Interactions,Biochem. Soc. Trans. 21, 583–595
Peterson, R.H., Meyers, M.B., Spengler, B.A., and Biedler, J.L. (1983) Alteration of Plasma Membrane Glycopeptides and Gangliosides of Chinese Hamster Cells Accompanying Development of Resistance to Daunorubicin and Vincristine,Cancer Res. 43, 222–228.
Mountford, C.E., and Wright, L.C. (1988) Organization of Lipids in the Plasma Membranes of Malignant and Stimulated Cells: A New Model,Trends Biochem. Sci. 13, 172–177.
Mazzoni, A., and Trave, F. (1993) Cytoplasmic Membrane Cholesterol and Doxorubicin Cytotoxicity in Drug-Sensitive and Multidrug-Resistant Human Ovarian Cancer Cells,Oncol. Res. 5, 75–82.
Brown, D.A., and London, E. (1997) Structure of Detergent-Resistant Membrane Domains: Does Phase Separation Occur in Biological Membranes?Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 240, 1–7.
Brown, D.A., and London, E. (1998) Structure and Origin of Ordered Lipid Domains in Biological Membranes,J. Membr. Biol. 164, 103–114.
Parton, R.G., and Simons, K. (1995) Digging into Caveolae,Science 269, 1398–1399.
Rodgers, W., Crise, B., and Rose, J.K. (1994) Signals Determining Protein Tyrosine Kinase and Glycosyl-Phosphatidylinositol-Anchored Protein Targeting to a Glycolipid-Enriched Membrane Fraction,Mol. Cell. Biol. 14, 5384–5391.
Parolini, I., Sargiacomo, M., Lisanti, M.P., and Peschle, C. (1996) Signal Transduction and Glycophosphatidylinositol-Linked Proteins (lyn, lck, CD4, CD45, G proteins, and CD55) Selectively Localize in Triton-Insoluble Plasma Membrane Domains of Human Leukemic Cell Lines and Normal Granulocytes,Blood 87, 3783–3794.
Simons, K., and Ikonen, E. (1997) Functional Rafts in Cell Membranes,Nature 387, 569–572.
Brown, D., and Rose, J.K. (1992) Sorting of GPI-Anchored Proteins to Glycolipid-Enriched Membrane Subdomains During Transport to the Apical Cell Surface,Cell 68, 533–544.
Schroeder, R., London, E., and Brown, D. (1994) Interactions Between Saturated Acyl Chains Confer Detergent Resistance on Lipids and Glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-Anchored Proteins: GPI-Anchored Proteins in Liposomes and Cells Show Similar Behavior,Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91, 12130–12134.
Schroeder, R.J., Ahmed, S.N., Zhu, Y., London, E., and Brown, D.A. (1998) Cholesterol and Sphingolipid Enhance the Triton X-100 Insolubility of Glycosylphosphatidylinositol-Anchored Proteins by Promoting the Formation of Detergent-Insoluble Ordered Membrane Domains,J. Biol. Chem. 273, 1150–1157.
Iwabuchi, K., Yamamura, S., Prinetti, A., Handa, K., and Hakomori, S. (1998) GM3-Enriched Microdomain Involved in Cell Adhesion and Signal Transduction Through Carbohydrate-Carbohydrate Interaction in Mouse Melanoma B16 Cells,J. Biol. Chem. 273, 9130–9138.
Okamoto, T., Schlegel, A., Scherer, P.E., and Lisanti, M.P. (1998) Caveolins, a Family of Scaffolding Proteins for Organizing “Preassembled Signaling Complexes” at the Plasma Membrane,J. Biol. Chem. 273, 5419–5422.
Harder, T., and Simons, K. (1997) Caveolae, DIGs, and the Dynamics of Sphingolipid-Cholesterol Microdomains,Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 9, 534–542.
Severs, N.J. (1988) Caveolae: Static Inpocketings of the Plasma Membrane, Dynamic Vesicles or Plain Artifact?J. Cell Sci. 90, 341–348.
Rothberg, K.G., Heuser, J.E., Donzell, W.C., Ying, Y.S., Glenney, J.R., and Anderson, R.G. (1992) Caveolin, a Protein Component of Caveolae Membrane Coats,Cell 68, 673–682.
Parton, R.G. (1996) Caveolae and Caveolins,Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 8, 542–548.
Lisanti, M.P., Tang, Z., Scherer, P.E., and Sargiacomo, M. (1995) Caveolae Purification and Glycosylphosphatidylinositol-linked Protein Sorting in Polarized Epithelia,Meth. Enzymol. 250, 655–668.
Oh, P., McIntosh, D.P., and Schnitzer, J.E. (1998) Dynamin at the Neck of Caveolae Mediates Their Budding to Form Transport Vesicles by GTP-Driven Fission from the Plasma Membrane of Endothelium,J. Cell Biol. 141, 101–114.
Fielding, C.J., and Fielding, P.E. (1997) Intracellular Cholesterol Transport,J. Lipid Res. 38, 1503–1521.
Lisanti, M.P., Tang, Z., Scherer, P.E., Kubler, E., Koleske, A.J., and Sargiacomo, M. (1995) Caveolae, Transmembrane Signalling and Cellular Transformation,Mol. Memb. Biol. 12, 121–124.
Lavie, Y., and Liscovitch, M. (1997) A Role for Caveolae in Multidrug Resistance of Cancer Cells,Mol. Biol. Cell 8, 207a.
Lavie, Y., Fiucci, G. and Liscovitch, M. (1998) Up-regulation of Caveolae and Caveolar Constituents in Multidrug Resistant Cancer Cells,J. Biol. Chem. 273, 32380–32383.
Pike, L.J., and Casey, L. (1996) Localization and Turnover of Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-Bisphosphate in Caveolin-Enriched Membrane Domains,J. Biol. Chem. 271, 26453–26456.
Hope, H.R., and Pike, L.J. (1996) Phosphoinositides and Phosphoinositide-Utilizing Enzymes in Detergent-Insoluble Lipid Domains,Mol. Biol. Cell 7, 843–851.
Liu, J., Oh, P., Horner, T., Rogers, R.A., and Schnitzer, J.E. (1997) Organized Endothelial Cell Surface Signal Transduction in Caveolae Distinct from Glycosylphosphatidylinositol-Anchored Protein Microdomains,J. Biol. Chem. 272, 7211–7222.
Waugh, M.G., Lawson, D., Tan, S.K., and Hsuan, J.J. (1998) Phosphatidylinositol 4-Phosphate Synthesis in Immunoisolated Caveolae-Like Vesicles and Low Buoyant Density Non-caveolar Membranes,J. Biol. Chem. 273, 17115–17121.
Liu, Y., Casey, L., and Pike, L.J. (1998) Compartmentalization of Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-Bisphosphate in Low-Density Membrane Domains in the Absence of Caveolin,Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 245, 684–690.
Liscovitch, M., Chalifa, V., Pertile, P., Chen, C.-S., and Cantley, L.C. (1994) Novel Function of Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-Bisphosphate as a Cofactor for Brain Membrane Phospholipase D,J. Biol. Chem. 269, 21403–21406.
Brown, H.A., Gutowski, S., Moomaw, C.R., Slaughter, C., and Sternweis, P.C. (1993) ADP-Ribosylation Factor, a Small GTP-Dependent Regulatory Protein, Stimulates Phospholipase D Activity,Cell 75, 1137–1144.
Yokozeki, T., Kuribara, H., Katada, T., Touhara, K., and Kanaho, Y. (1996) Partially Purified RhoA-Stimulated Phospholipase D Activity Specifically Binds to Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-Bisphosphate,J. Neurochem. 66, 1234–1239.
Kim, J.H., Lee, S.D., Han, J.M., Lee, T.G., Kim, Y., Park, J.B., Lambeth, J.D., Suh, P.G., and Ryu, S.H. (1998) Activation of Phospholipase D1 by Direct Interaction with ADP-Ribosylation Factor 1 and RalA,FEBS Lett. 430, 231–235.
Lavie, Y., Czarny, M., and Liscovitch, M. (1997) Localization of Phospholipase D in Caveolae and Its Up-regulation in Multidrug Resistant Cancer Cells,FASEB J. 11, A1346.
Czarny, M., Lavie, Y., Fiucci, G. and Liscovitch, M. (1999) Localization of Phospholipase D in Detergent-Insoluble, Caveolin-Rich Membrane Domains. Modulation by Caveolin-1 Expression and Caveolin-182-101,J. Biol. Chem. 274, 2717–2724.
Fielding, P.E., and Fielding, C.J. (1995) Plasma Membrane Caveolae Mediate the Efflux of Cellular Free Cholesterol,Biochemistry 34, 14288–14292.
Fielding, P.E., and Fielding, C.J. (1996) Intracellular Transport of Low Density Lipoprotein Derived Free Cholesterol Begins at Clathrin-Coated Pits and Terminates at Cell Surface Caveolae,Biochemistry 35, 14932–19438.
Fielding, C.J., Bist, A., and Fielding, P.E. (1997) Caveolin mRNA Levels Are Up-regulated by Free Cholesterol and Downregulated by Oxysterols in Fibroblast Monolayers,Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94, 3753–3758.
Bist, A., Fielding, P.E., and Fielding, C.J. (1997) Two Sterol Regulatory Element-like Sequences Mediate Up-regulation of Caveolin Gene Transcription in Response to Low Density Lipoprotein Free Cholesterol,Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94, 10693–10698.
Brown, M.S., and Goldstein, J.L. (1997) The SREBP Pathway: Regulation of Cholesterol Metabolism by Proteolysis of a Membrane-Bound Transcription Factor,Cell 89, 331–340.
Koleske, A.J., Baltimore, D., and Lisanti, M.P. (1995) Reduction of Caveolin and Caveolae in Oncogenically Transformed Cells,Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92, 1381–1385.
Engelman, J.A., Wykoff, C.C., Yasuhara, S., Song, K.S., Okamoto, T., and Lisanti, M.P. (1997) Recombinant Expression of Caveolin-1 in Oncogenically Transformed Cells Abrogates Anchorage-Independent Growth,J. Biol. Chem. 272, 16374–16381.
Lee, S.W., Reimer, C.L., Oh, P., Campbell, D.B., and Schnitzer, J.E. (1998) Tumor Cell Growth Inhibition by Caveolin Re-expression in Human Breast Cancer Cells,Oncogene 16, 1391–1397.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
About this article
Cite this article
Lavie, Y., Fiucci, G., Czarny, M. et al. Changes in membrane microdomains and caveolae constituents in multidrug-resistant cancer cells. Lipids 34 (Suppl 1), S57–S63 (1999). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02562229
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02562229