Abstract
To identify the extent and distribution of bone mineral loss in patients receiving chronic hemodialysis, we measured the bone mineral content of the total body (T-BMC), the bone mineral density of the total body (T-BMD) and that of ten regions of the body using dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA). We evaluated 127 patients receiving hemodialysis at one-year intervals, between 1990 and 1992, and 22 healthy volunteers at two-year intervals in that period. In 1990, the T-BMD and BMD of the patients' arms, legs, and pelvis were significantly lower than in the healthy volunteers. Two years later, the T-BMD was significantly decreased in the patients while that of healthy volunteers was not. BMD was significantly reduced in the arms, pelvis and lumbar spine of the male patients, and in the head, arms, thoracic spine, lumbar spine, pelvis, and legs of the female patients. A comparison of the rate of change in T-BMC (ΔT-BMC) and T-BMD (ΔT-BMD) in the patients and the healthy volunteers showed a significantly rapid loss of bone mineral in patients receiving hemodialysis. Factors that accelerated the loss of bone mineral included parathyroid hyperfunction, accumulation of aluminum, and female gender. Administration of vitamin D3 supplements were useful in preventing bone mineral loss.
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Nishitani, H., Nishizawa, Y., Yamashita, N. et al. Bone mineral loss in patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis 2-year follow-up. J Bone Miner Metab 11, S39–S46 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02383842
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02383842