Summary
In many populations of protandrous shrimp, two alternative life histories coexist. One way to interpret this fact is that one age (or size) group consists of a mixture of males and females. This is a nice example of a ‘phenotype limited evolutionarily stable strategy (ESS)’, in the sense of Parker (1982, p. 187). This paper explores the ESS theory for the mixture.
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Charnov, E.L., Bergstrom, B. Alternative life histories in sex changing shrimp: a phenotype limited ESS. Evol Ecol 1, 107–111 (1987). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02067394
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02067394