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Song variation in insular and mainland California Brown Creepers(Certhia familiaris)

Gesangsunterschiede bei kalifornischen Waldbaumläufern zwischen Insel- und Festlandspopulationen

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Summary

Songs of Brown-Creepers(Certhia familiaris) in California were studied. Each individual usually sang one theme. Two geographic groups of songs were described which were designated the northern and southern dialects. These songs differed in the morphology of the introductory and terminal syllables. The northern dialect is currently known to extend from Point Reyes to the City of San Francisco, and includes birds from east San Francisco Bay. The southern dialect ranges from Carmel and Point Lobos to Morro Bay. Birds from the Hastings Reservation, 30 miles inland, sang the southern dialect. Creepers on Angel Island exhibited the “typical” island phenomenon of simpler structure but greater individual variability. We suggested that lack of social interaction due to dispersed habitat has contributed to these song changes. California Creeper songs are more variable with regard to note sequencing than those of their European congeners.

Zusammenfassung

Der Gesang des Waldbaumläufers(Certhia familiaris) in Kalifornien wurde untersucht. Jedes Individuum verfügt gewönhlich nur über eine Strophe. Es werden zwei geographische Formen des Gesangs beschrieben, die als nördlicher und südlicher Dialekt bezeichnet werden. Sie unterscheiden sich im Aufbau der einleitenden und der Schlußelemente. Der nördliche Dialekt reicht nach dem gegenwärtigen Stand der Kenntnis von Point Reyes bis in die Innenstadt von San Francisco. Er wird auch von Tieren auf der Ostseite der Bucht von San Francisco gesungen. Der südliche Dialekt reicht von Carmel und Point Lobos bis nach Morro Bay. Tiere in der Hastings Reservation, etwa 30 Meilen landeinwärts, sangen ebenfalls den südlichen Dialekt. Die Baumläufer der Insel Angel Island zeigen den „typischen“ Inseleffekt: Ihr Gesang ist durch einen einfacheren Aufbau, aber durch größere individuelle Variabilität gekennzeichnet. Diese Veränderung des Gesanges gegenüber den Festlandspopulationen ist wahrscheinlich auf die Tatsache zurückzuführen, daß zwischen den einzelnen Männchen der Inselpopulation, die weit auseinanderliegende Baumgruppen bewohnen, kein oder wenig akustischer Kontakt besteht. Ganz allgemein sind die kalifornischen Waldbaumläufer in ihrer Lautfolge variabler als ihre europäischen Artgenossen.

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Baptista, L.F., Johnson, R.B. Song variation in insular and mainland California Brown Creepers(Certhia familiaris) . J Ornithol 123, 131–144 (1982). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01645053

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