Summary
-
1.
The unidirectional ventilation of larval sea lampreys (Petromyzon marinus) was measured volumetrically. Each animal was loaded in a glass respiratory tube. (Fig. 1). The mouth formed a seal at the tapered end of the tube for inhalation, and the exhaled water was collected at the other end. The resting and stimulated ventilatory volumes of larvae ranged from 0.3 to 3.3 ml/min/g at 20° (Table 1).
-
2.
The velum was more important for resting ventilation than the branchial muscles.
-
3.
Ventilation was progressively reduced by opposing pressures (Figs. 4, 5, 6). The compression of the branchial basket and the immediate reduction in stroke volume were largely passive. A reduction in frequency of breathing (Fig. 7) was reflexive.
-
4.
Exercise, obstruction of intake, and low O2 stimulated ventilation (Figs. 8, 9), both through increased stroke volume and higher frequency. After the vagus and glossopharyngeal nerves were sectioned, the increased ventilation following obstruction was reduced (Fig. 10).
-
5.
The nervous control and quantitative aspects of ventilation in larval lampreys resemble those in higher fish.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bamford, O. S.: Oxygen reception in the rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri). Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A48, 69–76 (1974)
Beamish, F. W. H.: Swimming performance of adult sea lamprey,Petromyzon marinus, in relation to weight and temperature. Trans. Amer. Fish. Soc.103, 355–358 (1974)
Clark, F. J., von Euler, C.: On the regulation of depth and rate of breathing. J. Physiol. (Lond.)222, 267–295 (1972)
Dawson, J.: The breathing and feeding mechanism of the lampreys. II. Food and mechanism of feeding, III. Mechanism of respiration. Biol. Bull. (Woods Hole)9, 91–111 (1905)
Gradwell, N.: Hydrostatic pressures and movements of the lamprey,Petromyzon, during suction, olfaction, and gill ventilation. Canad. J. Zool.50, 1215–1223 (1972)
Hara, T. J.: Chemoreception. In: Fish physiology (Hoar, W. S., Randall, D. J., eds.), vol. 4, p. 79–120. New York: Academic Press 1971
Hill, B. J., Potter, I. C.: Oxygen consumption in ammocoetes of the lampreyIchthyomyzon hubbsi Raney. J. exp. Biol.53, 47–57 (1970)
Homma, S.: Velar motoneurons of lamprey larvae. J. comp. Physiol.104, 175–183 (1975)
Hughes, G. M., Roberts, J. L.: A study of the effect of temperature changes on the respiratory pumps of the rainbow trout. J. exp. Biol.52, 177–192 (1970)
Hughes, G. M., Saunders, R. L.: Responses of the respiratory pumps to hypoxia in the rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri). J. exp. Biol.53, 529–545 (1970)
Hughes, G. M., Umezawa, S.-I.: Oxygen consumption and gill water flow in the dogfishScyliorhinus caniculaL. J. exp. Biol.49, 557–564 (1968a)
Hughes, G. M., Umezawa, S.-I.: On respiration in the dragonetCallionymus lyraL.. J. exp. Biol.49, 565–582 (1968b)
Johansen, K.: Comparative physiology: gas exchange and circulation in fishes. Ann. Rev. Physiol.33, 569–612 (1971)
Johansen, K., Lenfant, C., Hanson, D.: Gas exchange in the lamprey,Entosphenus tridentalis. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A44, 107–119 (1973)
Johansen, K., Strahan, R.: The respiratory system ofMyxine glutinosa L. In: The biology ofMyxine (Brodal, A., Fänge, R., eds.), p. 352–371. Oslo: Universitetsforlaget. 1963
Kleerekoper, H.: The sense organs. In: The biology of lampreys (Hardisty, M. W., Potter, I.C., eds.), vol. 2, p. 373–404. New York: Academic Press 1972
Laurent, P., Rouzeau, J.-D.: Afferent neural activity from pseudobranch of teleosts. Effects of\(P_{CO_2 } \), pH, osmotic pressure and Na+ ions. Resp. Physiol.14, 307–331 (1972)
Ogden, E.: Respiratory flow inMustelus. Amer. J. Physiol.145, 134–139 (1945)
Potter, I. C., Hill, B. J., Gentleman, S.: Survival and behaviour of ammocoetes at low oxygen tension. J. exp. Biol.53, 59–73 (1970)
Randall, D. J.: Respiration. In: The biology of lampreys (Hardisty, M. W., Potter, I. C., eds.), vol. 2, p. 287–306. New York: Academic Press 1972
Randall, D. J., Jones, D. R.: The effect of deafferentation of the pseudobranch on the respiratory response to hypoxia and hyperoia in the trout (Salmo gairdneri). Resp. Physiol.17, 291–301 (1973)
Rovainen, C. M.: Respiratory motoneurons in lampreys. J. comp. Physiol.94, 57–68 (1974)
Satchell, G. H.: Respiratory reflexes in the dogfish. J. exp. Biol.36, 62–71 (1959)
Saunders, R. L., Sutterlin, A. M.: Cardiac and respiratory responses to hypoxia in the sea raven,Hemitripterus americanus, and an investigation of possible control mechanisms. J. Fish. Res. Bd. Can.28 491–503 (1971)
Shelton, G.: The regulation of breathing. In: Fish physiology (Hoar, W. S., Randall, D. J., eds.), vol. 4, p. 293–359. New York: Academic Press 1970
Welsh, J. H., Smith, R. I.: Laboratory exercises in invertebrate physiology, p. 145–147. Minneapolis: Burgess Publishing Co. 1960
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
This work was supported by USPHS grants NS09367 and NS70391. Larval sea lampreys were kindly supplied by John H. Howell, US Bureau of Sport Fisheries, and by Paul Fishman, Yale University. Dr. Albert Roos provided many helpful suggestions for changes in the manuscript.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Rovainen, C.M., Schieber, M.H. Ventilation of larval lampreys. J. Comp. Physiol. 104, 185–203 (1975). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01379459
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01379459