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The soft tissue cover of the mandibular condyle

Differentiation in histological forms and age-related changes of aggrecan-and versican-like proteoglycans

Die Bindegewebsbedeckung des Condylus mandibulae

Histologische Differenzierungsformen und altersabhängige Veränderungen von aggrecan- und versicanähnlichen Proteoglykanen

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Abstract

Age-related changes of the composition of the extracellular matrix of the soft tissue cover of the mandibular condyle (STC), especially of the large proteoglycans, have been investigated. Proteoglycans were extracted from the STC of neonatal, juvenile and adult domestic pigs, fractionated by density gradient centrifugation and analyzed by electrophoresis/Western blotting.

Experiments revealed firstly that a large CS/KS proteoglycan (aggrecan) is an essential constituent of the STC at all ages. This proteoglycan is required for nutrition of avascular tissues, and age-related changes in its average size and substitution with KS (keratan sulfate) may be a response to altered functional loading and tissue architecture of the STC. Secondly it was shown that a large CS/DS (chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate) proteoglycan characterized by a doublet of core proteins at 200 and 250 kDa, thereby resembling perlecan, is present in the tissue of adults, but not of neonates and juveniles. Thirdly a large CS/DS proteoglycan characterized by core proteins at 350, 450 and 550 kDa, thereby resembling versican, was present in juveniles. It was detectable only weakly in neonates and not in adults. Results of core protein analysis were confirmed by results of agarose gel electrophoresis/Western blotting of the undigested proteoglycans isolated directly from the tissue extracts.

Versican is believed to destabilize cell-matrix interactions required for cell proliferation and differentiation. In this context, presence of versican-like proteoglycans in the STC of growing individuals and its disappearance in adults appears to be related to the growth potential of the mandibular condyle.

Zusammenfassung

Es wurden altersabhängige Veränderungen der Zusammensetzung der extrazellulären Matrix der Bindegewebsbedeckung des Condylus mandibulae (BCM), insbesondere bezüglich der großen Proteoglykane, untersucht. Die Proteoglykane wurden aus der BCM neonataler, juveniler und adulter Hausschweine extrahiert, durch Dichtegradientenzentrifugation fraktioniert und mittels Elektrophorese/Western Blotting analysiert.

Die Experimente zeigten zunächst, daß in jedem Alter ein großes CS/KS-reiches Proteoglykan (Aggrecan) essentieller Bestandteil der BCM ist. Dieses Proteoglykan ist für die Ernährung avaskulärer Gewebe erforderlich, und altersabhängige Veränderungen seiner durchschnittlichen Größe und Substitution mit KS (Keratansulfat) sind wahrscheinlich eine Reaktion auf geänderte funktionelle Belastungen und Gewebearchitektur der BCM. Des weiteren wurde gezeigt, daß im Gewebe Adulter, nicht aber Neonataler und Juveniler ein großes CS/DS-(Chondroitinsulfat/Dermatansulfat-)reiches Proteoglykan vorkommt, das durch eine Coreproteindoppelbande bei 200 und 250 kDa charakterisiert ist und diesbezüglich dem Proteoglycan Perlecan ähnelf. Letztlich wurde im Gewebe Juveniler ein großes CS/DS-Proteoglycan gefunden, das bezüglich seiner Coreproteine bei 350, 450 and 550 kDa dem Versican ähnelt. Dieses Proteoglykan wurde bei Neonatalen nur schwach nachgewiesen und trat bei Adulten nicht auf. Die Resultate der Coreproteinanalyse wurden durch Untersuchungen der nicht deglykosilierten, direkt aus den Gewebeextrakten isolierten Proteoglykane mittels Agarosegelelektrophorese/Western Blotting bestätigt.

Versican ist für die Destabilisierung von Zell-Matrix-Wechselwirkungen als Voraussetzung der Zellproliferation und-differenzierung von Bedeutung. In diesem Zusammenhang dürfte die Existenz eines versicanähnlichen Proteoglykans in der die Existenz eines versicanähnlichen Proteoglykans in der BCM wachsender Individuen sowie sein Fehlen im Gewebe Adulter entscheidend für das Wachstumspotential im Bereich des Condylus mandibulae sein.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthodontics, Leipzig University, Germany

    Karl-Heinz Dannhauer

  2. Abteilung Kieferorthopädie, Zentrum für Zahn-, Mund und Kieferheilkunde, Nürnberger Straße 57, D-04103, Leipzig, Germany

    Karin Müller

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  2. Thoralf Primm
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  3. Karl-Heinz Dannhauer
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Müller, K., Primm, T. & Dannhauer, KH. The soft tissue cover of the mandibular condyle. J Orofac Orthop/Fortschr Kieferorthop 59, 371–387 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01299773

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