Conclusions
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1.
The electrophilic reactions of 5-hydroxynicotinic acid and its ethyl ester are directed only to the 6 position.
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2.
The insertion of a COOH group in the β-position of the hydroxypyridine ring deactivates the latter toward electrophilic substitution, which proceeds in both alkaline and strongly acid media, in which connection the most marked deactivation is observed in nitration and sulfonation reactions.
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Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 3, pp. 615–619, March, 1976.
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Smirnov, L.D., Stolyarova, L.G., Lezina, V.P. et al. β-Hydroxypyridinecarboxylic acids. Russ Chem Bull 25, 598–601 (1976). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01106661
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01106661