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The influence of culture conditions on mycorrhiza formation between the ectomycorrhizal fungus Pisolithus sp. and Afzelia africana Sm. seedlings

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Abstract

Interactions between an isolate of the ectomycorrhizal fungus Pisolithus sp. and Afzelia africana Sm. seedlings were studied at the structural and ultrastructural levels. Several different conditions were tested with or without sugar and in a sterile or nonsterile medium. In the growth cabinet, the A. africana/Pisolithus sp. interactions did not produce ectomycorrhizas. A fungal sheath was formed but no Hartig net, and an unusual host epidermal cell wall was observed. Hyphae of Pisolithus sp. induced modifications of epidermal cells of 15-day-old A. africana seedlings indicative of non-mycorrhizal interactions, such as wall thickening, wall ingrowth, papillae formation, degraded host wall material and the presence of intracellular hyphae. Wall ingrowth consisted of depositions of host cell wall materials giving a positive reaction for polysaccharides; however, wall thickenings and papillae showed no homogeneous reactions for polysaccharides. In glasshouse conditions, inocula of Pisolithus sp. in the form of spores or mycelia entrapped in peat-vermiculite added to sterilized soil produced typical ectomycorrhizae only with 6-month-old A. africana seedlings. Under these conditions, no conspicuous cell wall reactions occurred on A. africana roots. The results demonstrate that the establishment of an association between an ectomycorrhizal fungus and a potential host plant is strongly influenced by seedling age and/or environmental conditions. Therefore, in vitro synthesis is not a conclusive demonstration of a symbiotic relationship.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratoire de Microbiologie du Sol, ORSTOM, Dakar, Sénégal

    A. M. Bâ

  2. Laboratoire de Microbiologie Forestière, INRA, 54280, Champenoux, Seichamps, France

    J. Garbaye

  3. Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux, Université de Nancy I, 54506, Vandoeuvre-Les-Nancy Cedex, France

    J. Dexheimer

Authors
  1. A. M. Bâ
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  2. J. Garbaye
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  3. J. Dexheimer
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Bâ, A.M., Garbaye, J. & Dexheimer, J. The influence of culture conditions on mycorrhiza formation between the ectomycorrhizal fungus Pisolithus sp. and Afzelia africana Sm. seedlings. Mycorrhiza 4, 121–129 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00203771

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