Abstract
Radiation is a form of energy derived from a source that is propagated through material in space. It consists of ionizing radiation or nonionizing radiation. Ionizing radiation is a feature of the environment and an important tool in medical treatment, but it can cause serious damage to organisms. A number of protective measures and standards of protection have been proposed to protect against radiation. There is also a need for biomarkers to rapidly assess individual doses of radiation, which can not only estimate the dose of radiation but also determine its effects on health. Proteomics, genomics, metabolomics, and lipidomics have been widely used in the search for such biomarkers. These topics are discussed in depth in this review.
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Abbreviations
- A-bomb:
-
Atomic bomb
- ALARA:
-
As low as reasonably achievable
- CA:
-
Chernobyl accident
- CT:
-
Computed tomography
- CVD:
-
Cardiovascular disease
- HDR:
-
High-dose radiation
- IR:
-
Ionizing radiation
- LC:
-
Liquid chromatography
- LSS:
-
Life span study
- MS:
-
Mass spectrometry
- NC:
-
Nuclear accident
- NIR:
-
Nonionizing radiation
- NMR:
-
Nuclear magnetic resonance
- RT:
-
Radiotherapy
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This work was supported by the Defense Industrial Technology Development Program (No. JCKY2016403C001), National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. U1401231), China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2014 M562115), and the Research Initiation Funding of University of South China for the Returned Scholars from Abroad (No. 2014XQD46).
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Mu, H., Sun, J., Li, L. et al. Ionizing radiation exposure: hazards, prevention, and biomarker screening. Environ Sci Pollut Res 25, 15294–15306 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-2097-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-2097-9