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Late Cardiotoxicity: Issues for Childhood Cancer Survivors

  • Cardio-oncology (M Fradley, Section Editor)
  • Published:
Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Opinion statement

Cardiovascular-related morbidity is a substantial health burden in survivors of childhood cancers. This burden is gaining importance as this population increases through advancements in therapy. Anthracyclines are commonly used agents that are known to cause late cardiotoxicity. Cardiotoxicity is also increased by other risk factors, such as concurrent radio- or chemotherapy, younger age at diagnosis, female sex, comorbidities, lifestyle factors, and genetic factors, such as hemochromatosis gene mutations. Treatment of late cardiotoxicity depends on the type of cardiac abnormalities and consists of pharmacotherapy, mechanical support, or heart transplantation. Because cardiotoxicity is progressive and often irreversible, prevention, risk reduction, and early detection are of utmost importance. The cardioprotectant dexrazoxane decreases anthracycline cardiotoxicity. Screening for other risk factors at the time of diagnosis may identify risk that when present, if used to tailor therapy, may reduce the severity of cardiac damage. The effects of exercise and other lifestyle changes in reducing the cardiovascular diseases in cancer survivors are unclear. However, it may be beneficial to encourage survivors to engage in physical activity tailored to survivor medical status, but with close monitoring.

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Acknowledgments

Vivian I. Franco was supported in part by the Michael Garil Fund.

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  1. Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Michigan, 3901 Beaubien Boulevard, Suite 1K40, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA

    Jyothsna Akam-Venkata MBBS, Vivian I. Franco MPH & Steven E. Lipshultz MD

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  1. Jyothsna Akam-Venkata MBBS
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Jyothsna Akam-Venkata, Vivian I. Franco, and Steven E. Lipshultz each declare no potential conflicts of interest.

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This article is part of the Topical Collection on Cardio-oncology

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Akam-Venkata, J., Franco, V.I. & Lipshultz, S.E. Late Cardiotoxicity: Issues for Childhood Cancer Survivors. Curr Treat Options Cardio Med 18, 47 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11936-016-0466-6

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